Endophytes improve ryegrass persistence by controlling insects

Popay, Alison J.; Hume, D. E.

doi:10.33584/rps.15.2011.3196

Cited by 38 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…AR37infected ryegrass can cause ryegrass staggers in sheep, although incidence in 'Grasslands Nui' and the breeding line GA66 (related to 'Grasslands Samson') has been reported as being usually milder and less frequent than that caused by the Wild-type or common strain of endophyte (Fletcher & Sutherland 2009). The control of several different insect pests increases both yield and persistence of ryegrass infected with this endophyte (Hume et al 2007;Popay & Thom 2009;Popay & Hume 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AR37 endophyte effects on porina and root aphid populations and ryegrass damage in the field

Popay¹,

Cotching²,

Moorhead³

et al. 2012

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The novel endophyte, AR37, in ryegrass has reduced porina larval survival and plant damage in pot trials. To determine the effect of AR37 on larvae in the field, populations were estimated in two ryegrass field trials in Canterbury. Plant damage and plant densities were also scored in one trial. At Ceres Farm, no porina were found in Italian ryegrass 'Status' infected with AR37 whereas low populations (

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AR37 endophyte effects on porina and root aphid populations and ryegrass damage in the field

Popay¹,

Cotching²,

Moorhead³

et al. 2012

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“…lolii) infection of perennial ryegrass can be crucial in determining productivity and persistence of the grass host (Popay et al 1999). This occurs primarily through protecting pastures from insect attack, and as a consequence, improving the overall ability of the pasture to survive stresses such as drought (Popay & Hume 2011). The advantages of endophyte infection in Northland are well documented in both small plot research trials and on farms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable perennial pastures in Northland

Ussher¹,

Hume²

2015

Journal of NZ Grasslands

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In the northern half of Northland, perennial ryegrassbased pastures have exhibited poor persistence. Nineteen tall fescue and ryegrass pastures in the region infected with either MaxP or AR37 fungal endophytes, respectively, had high levels of endophyte-infected tillers and low levels of contamination from wild endophytes. On surveyed farms, MaxP-infected tall fescue pastures had good contents of sown grass, which were higher than sown grass contents in AR37-infected ryegrass pastures, but on two far-north monitor farms these temperate grasses failed to compete with summer active C4 grasses such as kikuyu and carpet grass. For tall fescue and perennial ryegrass to form productive pastures in this region, sown seed should have high levels of viable endophyte, soil fertility should be adequate for good grass and legume growth, and pastures should be well managed. Summer droughts may still be too severe in some years for these temperate grasses to persist in the face of C4 grass competition. Keywords: Endophyte, Epichloë, Neotyphodium, Lolium perenne, Festuca arundinacea, soil fertility

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“…and Samuels) treatments. Toxins produced by endophyte growing in ryegrass deter oviposition and larval survival (Popay & Hume, 2011). The presence of endophyte, nitrogen application, the grass species and plant genotypes all affect host selection by L. bonariensis and the severity of damage by, for example, Goldson, 1982; Gaynor & Hunt, 1983; Barker, 1989; Ruppert et al., 2017; Caradus et al., 2020.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexpected larval habit of Listronotus bonariensis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) raises questions about population dynamics analysis and management

McNeill

Koten

Goldson

2021

J Applied Entomology

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Listronotus bonariensis (Kuschel) is a pest of agriculturally important graminaceous species, with mining larvae that kill the stems of the host plants. In this study, larval populations were measured in spring and summer in irrigated dairy grassland comprising Lolium perenne L. (cv. Nui) with and without the endophyte Epichloë festucae var. lolii Latch, M.J. Chr. and Samuels and Poa annua L.. Larvae were extracted from tillers taken from the swards of these two grass species and extracted from turves, and L. bonariensis population densities were estimated from tiller and turf larval counts on a m−2 basis. Over the study period, the total number of larvae and larval densities extracted from turves was on average 2× greater than indicated from tillers. In most seasons, larval densities from turves were significantly higher than those from the tillers, though there was no correlation between tiller and turf larval densities. Mean head capsule widths of larvae emerging from turf samples showed significant seasonal effects compared with tillers, while mean head capsule widths of all four instars were significantly greater when extracted from tillers compared with turves. There was a significant endophyte effect on head capsule widths of larvae collected in summer, but the effect was not consistent across instars or source. Conversely, no significant endophyte effect on head capsule width was found in spring populations from either tillers or turves. This study shows that in irrigated dairy pasture, a high proportion of L. bonariensis larvae can live externally of tillers, presumably among the organic matter around the base of grasses in irrigated dairy pasture, and that density estimates based only on tiller populations will have significantly underestimated actual numbers. Having a precise indication of larval population densities is essential when developing life tables or determining economic damage threshold levels.

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Endophytes improve ryegrass persistence by controlling insects

Cited by 38 publications

References 42 publications

AR37 endophyte effects on porina and root aphid populations and ryegrass damage in the field

AR37 endophyte effects on porina and root aphid populations and ryegrass damage in the field

Sustainable perennial pastures in Northland

Unexpected larval habit of Listronotus bonariensis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) raises questions about population dynamics analysis and management

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