Endophytic Fungus Reshapes Spikelet Microbiome to Reduce Mycotoxin Produced by Fusarium proliferatum through Altering Rice Metabolites

Abstract

Rice spikelet rot disease (RSRD) caused by Fusarium proliferatum seriously reduces rice yield and produces mycotoxins that threaten human health. The root symbiotic endophytic fungus Phomopsis liquidambaris reduces RSRD incidence and fumonisins accumulation in grain by 21.5 and 9.3%, respectively, while the mechanism of disease resistance remains largely elusive. Here, we found that B3 significantly reduced the abundance of pathogen from 79.91 to 2.84% and considerably enriched resistant microbes Pseudomonas and Proteobacteria in the spikelet microbial community. Further study revealed that B3 altered the metabolites of spikelets, especially hordenine and l-aspartic acid, which played a key role in reshaping the microbiome and supporting the growth of the functional core microbe Pseudomonas, and inhibited the pathogen growth and mycotoxin production. This study provided a feasibility of regulating the function of aboveground microbial communities by manipulating plant subsurface tissues to control disease and mycotoxin pollutants in agricultural production.

Synthetic Microbial Community Members Interact to Metabolize Caproic Acid to Inhibit Potato Dry Rot Disease

“…Therefore, Pseudomonas putida should be primarily used for the construction of subsequent synthetic microbial communities. Studies also have demonstrated the potential of Pseudomonas in regulating plant growth and inhibiting diseases, due to the production of a large amount of antimicrobial secondary metabolites [8].…”

“…Previous studies have shown that large synthetic microbial communities (44 isolates) or small synthetic microbial communities (seven isolates) provide similar disease control [30]. Perhaps because the more microorganisms enriched in plants, the higher the resource cost required to maintain microbial growth and reproduction, and the presence of a large number of strains in the community may increase competition between them [8]. Based on the above results, we will further screen synthetic microbial communities with better inhibitory effects from SynM11, SynM12, SynM13, SynM14, SynM15, SynM16, SynM17, and SynM18.…”

“…However, the functions required for the synthetic microbial communities may mainly be attributed to individual microorganisms or additive effects involving all members [14]. A study has found that a small number of microbial members in synthetic microbial communities may play a crucial role in maintaining microbial community function [8]. Compared to the complete SynM11, the absence of any member in SynM11 will increase the diameter and depth of the lesion.…”

“…Fusarium spp. will cause various crops to be affected by diseases, including potatoes, wheat, and rice [7,8]. More than 13 species of Fusarium spp.…”

Can we control potato fungal and bacterial diseases? — microbial regulation

“…For example, ergosterol, β-sitosterol, 5-pentadecylresorcinol, 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid, and succinimide were isolated from Aspergillus niger spore powder. Among them, 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid showed the most effective antibacterial activity against Agrobacterium tumefaciens T-37, Erwinia carotovora EC-1, and Ralstonia solanacearum RS-2 [ 72 ].…”