Endoplasmic-reticulum-mediated microtubule alignment governs cytoplasmic streaming

Kimura, Kenji; Mamane, Alexandre; Sasaki, Tohru; Sato, Kohta; Takagi, Jun; Niwayama, Ritsuya; Hufnagel, Lars; Shimamoto, Yuta; Joanny, J.-F.; Uchida, Seiichi; Kimura, Asako

doi:10.1038/ncb3490

Cited by 53 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Our previous study suggested that a primary role of MeiCS is to increase the mobility of cortical granules for their efficient exocytosis at the meiotic anaphase I 20 . In contrast, the movement of SPCC is considered unfavourable for the cell as it may induce a contact between the oocyte chromosome and sperm chromosome before the oocyte meiosis 23 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nature of MeiCS is likely designed to move cortical granules efficiently while keeping the movement of SPCC minimum. The flow direction of MeiCS is biased along the short axes of the zygote and, thus, it does not effectively moves SPCC along the long axis 20 . In addition, MeiCS is not stable and stochastically changes the direction 20 , which also makes a long-distance movement difficult.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the C. elegans zygote, immediately after fertilisation and before SB, a global flow of the cytoplasm called as meiotic cytoplasmic streaming (MeiCS) is intermittently generated in a kinesin-1 (unc-116)-dependent manner [18][19][20] . We previously deciphered the mechanism of the stochastic emergence and reversal of the flow 20 . Because the timing of the movement of SPCC is consistent with that of MeiCS, we hypothesised that the drift of SPCC depends on MeiCS.…”

Section: Meiotic Cytoplasmic Streaming Moves the Sperm Complex Beforementioning

confidence: 99%

“…To exclude the possibility that kinesin-1 directly transports SPCC, we also inhibited MeiCS by knockdown of yop-1; ret-1 genes encoding reticulon proteins are required for the integrity of the ER 22 . We previously showed that we can impair the collectivity of MeiCS by fragmenting the ER through yop-1;ret-1 (RNAi), without inhibiting the motor activity of kinesin-1 20 . As in unc-116/kinesin-1 (RNAi) zygotes, the position of SPCC was restricted close to the proximal pole in the yop-1; ret-1 (RNAi) zygotes ( Fig.…”

Section: Meiotic Cytoplasmic Streaming Moves the Sperm Complex Beforementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Before the appearance of sperm pronuclei, a collective flow of the cytoplasm called meiotic cytoplasmic streaming (MeiCS) occurs in C. elegans zygotes 18,19 . We previously revealed the mechanism of the stochastic change of the flow direction of MeiCS 20 . In this study, we investigated the influence of MeiCS on the dynamics of SPCC before the onset of polarity establishment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytoplasmic streaming drifts the polarity cue and specifies the cell polarity inCaenorhabditis eleganszygotes

Kimura

2019

Preprint

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Cell polarisation is required to define body axes during development. The position of spatial cues for polarisation is critical to direct the body axes. In Caenorhabditis elegans zygotes, the sperm-derived pronucleus/centrosome complex (SPCC) serves as the spatial cue to specify the anterior-posterior axis.Approximately 30 minutes after fertilisation, the contractility of the cell cortex is relaxed near the SPCC, which is the earliest sign of polarisation and called symmetry breaking (SB). It is unclear how the position of SPCC at SB is determined after fertilisation. Here, we show that SPCC drifts dynamically through the cell-wide flow of the cytoplasm, called meiotic cytoplasmic streaming.This flow occasionally brings SPCC to the opposite side of the sperm entry site before SB. Our results demonstrate that cytoplasmic flow determines stochastically the position of the spatial cue of the body axis, even in an organism like C. elegans for which development is stereotyped.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Meiotic Cytoplasmic Streaming Moves the Sperm Complex Beforementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Meiotic Cytoplasmic Streaming Moves the Sperm Complex Beforementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytoplasmic streaming drifts the polarity cue and specifies the cell polarity inCaenorhabditis eleganszygotes

Kimura

2019

Preprint

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Low Forces Push the Maturation of Neural Precursors into Neurons

Vincentiis

Baggiani

Merighi

et al. 2023

Small

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Mechanical stimulation modulates neural development and neuronal activity. In a previous study, magnetic “nano‐pulling” is proposed as a tool to generate active forces. By loading neural cells with magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), a precise force vector is remotely generated through static magnetic fields. In the present study, human neural stem cells (NSCs) are subjected to a standard differentiation protocol, in the presence or absence of nano‐pulling. Under mechanical stimulation, an increase in the length of the neural processes which showed an enrichment in microtubules, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria is found. A stimulation lasting up to 82 days induces a strong remodeling at the level of synapse density and a re‐organization of the neuronal network, halving the time required for the maturation of neural precursors into neurons. The MNP‐loaded NSCs are then transplanted into mouse spinal cord organotypic slices, demonstrating that nano‐pulling stimulates the elongation of the NSC processes and modulates their orientation even in an ex vivo model. Thus, it is shown that active mechanical stimuli can guide the outgrowth of NSCs transplanted into the spinal cord tissue. The findings suggest that mechanical forces play an important role in neuronal maturation which could be applied in regenerative medicine.

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Cell migration in the Xenopus gastrula

Huang

Winklbauer

2018

WIREs Developmental Biology

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Xenopus gastrulation movements are in large part based on the rearrangement of cells by differential cell-on-cell migration within multilayered tissues. Different patterns of migration-based cell intercalation drive endoderm and mesoderm internalization and their positioning along their prospective body axes. C-cadherin, fibronectin, integrins, and focal contact components are expressed in all gastrula cells and play putative roles in cell-on-cell migration, but their actual functions in this respect are not yet understood. The gastrula can be subdivided into two motility domains, and in the vegetal, migratory domain, two modes of cell migration are discerned. Vegetal endoderm cells show ingression-type migration, a variant of amoeboid migration characterized by the lack of locomotory protrusions and by macropinocytosis as a mechanism of trailing edge resorption. Mesendoderm and prechordal mesoderm cells use lamellipodia in a mesenchymal mode of migration. Gastrula cell motility can be dissected into traits, such as cell polarity, adhesion, mobility, or protrusive activity, which are controlled separately yet in complex, combinatorial ways. Cells can instantaneously switch between different combinations of traits, showing plasticity as they respond to substratum properties.

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Endoplasmic-reticulum-mediated microtubule alignment governs cytoplasmic streaming

Cited by 53 publications

References 35 publications

Cytoplasmic streaming drifts the polarity cue and specifies the cell polarity inCaenorhabditis eleganszygotes

Cytoplasmic streaming drifts the polarity cue and specifies the cell polarity inCaenorhabditis eleganszygotes

Low Forces Push the Maturation of Neural Precursors into Neurons

Cell migration in the Xenopus gastrula

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