Endoscopic Anatomy of the Equine Guttural Pouch: An Anatomic Observational Study

Piat, Perrine; Cadoré, Jean-Luc

doi:10.3390/vetsci10090542

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The fractures were detectable by other modalities in individual cases, although inconsistently. Endoscopy of the guttural pouches has been suggested as a method to visualize lesions associated with the jugular or paracondylar process [3,15], but revealed no abnormalities in two cases here. With hindsight, the fracture was subtly detectable on scintigraphy in one of two cases, and on radiographs in one of two cases, albeit not in standard projections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Management of paracondylar process fracture in three horses

Parkinson,

Beldeanu,

Tay

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: Fractures of the paracondylar process of the occipital bone may cause headshaking, neck pain and neurologic deficits. The condition is being recognized more frequently with increasing availability of computed tomography. However, to date only limited information is available as to presentation, treatment, surgical approach and outcome. Objectives: To describe the clinical signs, imaging findings, treatment, surgical approach and outcome in three horses diagnosed with paracondylar process fracture. Study Design: Retrospective case series. Methods: Clinical records and diagnostic images of affected cases were reviewed, with informed owner consent. Results: Two cases with ventral fractures presented with neck pain and stiffness, one of which had a primary complaint of poor performance while the other also displayed headshaking and other behavioural changes. A third case with a more dorsal fracture presented with acute facial nerve paralysis. Diagnosis was by computed tomography in all cases. Conservative management resulted in improvement in all cases with available follow-up, although mild residual neurologic deficits remained in one. Repeated recurrence of clinical signs after prolonged periods of remission necessitated surgical removal in one case, which was readily accomplished with the aid of ultrasound guidance, and led to rapid resolution of clinical signs without significant post-operative complications. The surgical approach is described. Main Limitations: Limited follow-up was available for some cases. Conclusions: Paracondylar process fracture should be considered as a differential diagnosis for headshaking, neck pain, poor performance and facial paresis, and is a justification for performing computed tomography in such cases. A multi-disciplinary approach is beneficial due to the potential for orthopaedic, neurologic, ophthalmologic and behavioural clinical signs, with additional need for expertise in diagnostic imaging and pain management. Surgical fragment removal should be considered in cases that do not respond adequately to conservative management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Management of paracondylar process fracture in three horses

Parkinson,

Beldeanu,

Tay

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An endoscopic examination of the GP is then recommended in order to obtain a definitive diagnosis. The veterinarian in charge of this examination is expected to have a good knowledge of the pharyngeal structure and function during the endoscopic examination of the pharynx and the GP [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ], and to recognize and locate any alterations. This examination starts with a good assessment of the pharynx followed by both GPs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guttural Pouch Mycosis: A Three-Step Therapeutic Approach

Lepage

2024

Veterinary Sciences

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The temporary ligation of the common carotid artery is performed as an emergency aid in cases of guttural pouch mycosis. Its usefulness is put into perspective after an anatomical summary of arterial vascularization involving a guttural pouch. It helps to better understand the need for the cranial (cerebral) and caudal (cardiac) occlusion of an arterial rupture by embolization in order to achieve maximum success in preventing and treating an hemorrhage. Topical oxygen therapy used alone or in a multimodal approach with embolization surgery is performed to promote healing of the inflammatory and mycotic lesions observed when an individual is affected. In conclusion, this three-step therapeutic approach should enable the equine practitioner to better orient their decision tree when faced with this condition which, while rare, can be potentially fatal if poorly treated.

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Management of paracondylar process fracture in three horses

Beldeanu,

Tay,

Daniel

et al. 2024

Equine Veterinary Journal

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BackgroundFractures of the paracondylar process of the occipital bone may cause headshaking, neck pain and neurologic deficits. The condition is being recognised more frequently with increasing availability of computed tomography. However, to date only limited information is available as to presentation, treatment, surgical approach and outcome.ObjectivesTo describe the clinical signs, imaging findings, treatment, surgical approach and outcome in three horses diagnosed with paracondylar process fracture.Study designRetrospective case series.MethodsClinical records and diagnostic images of affected cases were reviewed.ResultsTwo cases had ventral nonunion fractures—one of these presented with neck pain, headshaking and behavioural changes, while in the other the fracture was a suspected incidental finding in a case of poor performance. A third case with a more dorsal fracture presented with acute facial nerve paralysis. Diagnosis was by computed tomography in all cases, although imaging of ventral fractures by radiography was found to be feasible. Where clinical signs could be associated confidently with the fracture, conservative management resulted in improvement but not complete resolution. Repeated recurrence of clinical signs after prolonged periods of remission necessitated surgical removal in one case, which was readily accomplished with the aid of ultrasound guidance, and led to rapid resolution of clinical signs without significant post‐operative complications. The surgical approach is described.Main limitationsLimited follow‐up was available.ConclusionsParacondylar process fracture should be considered as a differential diagnosis for headshaking, neck pain, poor performance and facial paresis, and is a justification for performing computed tomography in such cases. A multi‐disciplinary approach is beneficial due to the potential for orthopaedic, neurologic, ophthalmologic and behavioural clinical signs, with additional need for expertise in diagnostic imaging and pain management. Surgical fragment removal should be considered for ventral fractures.

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Endoscopic Anatomy of the Equine Guttural Pouch: An Anatomic Observational Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Management of paracondylar process fracture in three horses

Management of paracondylar process fracture in three horses

Guttural Pouch Mycosis: A Three-Step Therapeutic Approach

Management of paracondylar process fracture in three horses

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