Endoscopic Ear Surgery: A Scoping Review / Cirurgia Endoscópica De Ouvido: Uma Revisão Do Escopo

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Endoscopic surgery has gained notoriety among otologists in recent decades thanks to the enhancement of potential surgical methods and to the significant volume of scientific publications on the subject. AIM: The present literature review was carried out in order to assess endoscopic ear surgery research available in the literature, its main surgical indications, as well as advantages and disadvantages. METHODS: The present literature review was based on the term Endoscopic Ear Surgery; 385 articles were selected as its basis. RESULTS: 326 (84.6%) of the 385 selected articles were published in 2011, 37 (9.6%) of them were published between 2001 and 2010, and 22 (5.8%) up to 2000. According to these articles, 17664 endoscopic ear surgeries have already been performed, either as entire surgical procedures or just for microscopic assistance purposes. Tympanoplasty accounts for the largest number of ear surgeries, it is followed by cholesteatoma surgeries (either via transcanal tympanoplasty or mastoidectomy). Endoscopic surgery advantages include reduced cholesteatoma recurrence, less mastoidectomy procedures, shorter operating room time and costs, less postoperative pain, better visualization of middle ear structures, minimally invasive procedures and less second-look surgeries. Its disadvantages include required healthy external auditory canal, single-handed surgical procedures and thermal effects of endoscopy. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic ear surgery has been acknowledged as a promising surgical method by otolaryngologists. Although it has faced some resistance from surgeons who have previously mastered micro-ear surgery, this surgical method has already been regarded as a point of no return.

Comparison of Endoscopic Ear Surgery and Microscopic Ear Surgery in Patients With Attic Cholesteatoma

“…The middle ear and mastoid cholesteatoma are now treated through modern therapeutic approaches involving endoscopes. It can be used to evaluate those regions of the mastoid and middle ear inaccessible otherwise and for endoscopic evaluation of cholesteatoma in the mastoid cavity (Bonali et al, 2020;Rocha et al, 2021;Swarup, 2021). Endoscopic ear surgery (EES) has been recommended as a gold standard for trans canal surgery (Emre et al, 2020;McCabe et al, 2021).…”