Endoscopic Findings in Patients Presenting with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Ma, Saleh; Chandio, Bashir; Shaikh, Abrar; Soomro, Aftab Ahmed; Rizwan, Amber

doi:10.7759/cureus.4280

Cited by 5 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…6 Our finding is supported by findings of another study where 42% patients were in 41to 60 age group. 7 However a study from Dhulikhel hospital Nepal, 44.4% patients were in age group 15-45 years followed by 36.2% in age group 46-65 years which is different from the present study may be because they have included cases of GI bleeding irrespective of episodes, since most of the cases of chronic liver disease presented with variceal bleeding as a part of portal hypertension, however only first episodes of UGI bleeding was included in our study. 1 Another study from lalitpur, Nepal also had maximum patients 54% in age group 30-50.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

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Study of Endoscopic Findings in First Episode of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Adhikari

Mandal²

2021

J Adv Intern Med

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Background and Aims: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is one of the most common and grave emergencies encountered in Emergency department in Tertiary health care centre in our country. Upper endoscopy has a crucial role in the diagnosis and treatment of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The aim of this study is to assess the endoscopic findings in patients presenting with first episode of UGIB. Methods: This was a hospital based cross sectional study of patients with haematemesis, melena or both who underwent UGI endoscopy at Bir Hospital during January 2019 to January 2020. Patient demographics, site and nature of lesions and risk factors for bleeding were analyzed. Results: Among 72 enrolled patients 48 (66.67 %) were male and 24 (33.3 %) were female. Haematemesis 27% was the most common presenting complain followed by melena 25.5% and fainting/ dizziness 22.5%. Endoscopy was done in all cases and gastric ulcer disease 27.8% was the commonest cause of first episode of UGI bleeding followed by variceal bleeding, gastric erosion and duodenal ulcer, 25%, 16.7%, 12.5% respectively. Conclusions: Peptic ulcer disease was the most common cause of first episode of UGI bleeding in our context. Among peptic ulcer diseases gastric ulcer was more common than duodenal ulcer. Haematemesis and melena were the commonest clinical presentation of UGI bleeding.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

“…8 Similarly, alcohol was risk factor in 29% folllowed by NSAIDS in 17%. 7 Alcohol consumption varies due to social and cultural restriction. 15,16 Hematemesis 27% was the most common presenting complain followed by Melena 25.5%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Endoscopic Findings in First Episode of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Adhikari

Mandal²

2021

J Adv Intern Med

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“…The majority of the patients (47%) were in the age group 41-60 years, followed by age group > 60 years (n = 212; 23%) and 26-40 years (n = 202; 22%), the least common age group was less than or equals to 25 years (n = 74; 8%). The distribution of patients in each age group resembles that of [12]. This may be due to higher ratio of older population in western world.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Endoscopic Findings in Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Upper Egypt: A Single Centre Study

Badry

Eltaweel

Moussa

2020

Afro-Egyptian Journal of Infectious and Endemic Diseases

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Background and study aim: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a significant cause of medical emergency with high morbidity and mortality. There are different causes of UGIB. Our study aimed to evaluate the endoscopic findings in patients with UGIB. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at endoscopy centre, Aswan University Hospital, Aswan, Egypt, over the four years period (2015-2019). Records of patients with UGIB who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were reviewed. Data were collected then analyzed via SPSS version 20. Results: This study included records of 918 patients (575 male) with mean age (SD) of 49.38 (14.86) years. Portal Hypertensive disease (PHD) (55.5%) was the most frequent cause of UGIB, followed by peptic ulcer disease (PUD) (27.1%) then other causes (17.4%). Conclusion: PHD was the most common causes of UGIB, then PUD. PUD was most common in middle age patients. However, PHD was more likely in patients having 41-60 years and older patients.

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“…Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a leading cause of hospitalization in medical emergencies around the world, with a high morbidity and mortality rate. GI bleeding is still one of the most prevalent medical emergencies that necessitates prompt attention, resuscitation, and hospitalization (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acute presentations can be divided into Hematemesis (around 40% to 50% ), in which the bleeding site is close to ligament of treitz, Melena (around 70% to 80% ) in which the bleeding site is away from the ligament of treitz; or Hematochezia (approximately 10% ) in which there is fresh lower GI bleeding (LGIB) (1). It's a frequent life-threatening medical issue with around 5-15% and in some studies around 6-10% morbidity and death rate (1,6). UGIB is four times as common as LGIB (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variceal Bleeding is Leading Cause of Upper GI Bleed: A Study from Northern Part of Pakistan

Ahmed¹,

Kamal²,

Riaz³

et al. 2021

PJMHS

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Background: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a leading cause of hospitalization in medical emergencies around the world, with a high death and morbidity rate. In all cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, endoscopy is the primary diagnostic tool. Key management of depends on diagnosing the exact cause of disease. Methodology: This descriptive study was carried out at Gastroenterology Department, PIMS, Islamabad from January 2019 to December 2019. All patients having history of upper gastrointestinal bleed were included in the study. Patients unfit for endoscopy i.e. with perforation, peritonitis, comatose needing intubation and those unwilling to undergo the procedure were excluded. Total 490 patients fulfilled the criterion. The cause of GI bleed was noted upon endoscopy. Data was noted on set performa and further statistical analysis was performed via SPSS v 26. Results: Among 490 patients, 298 (61%) were males while 192 (39%) were females. Most common age group presenting with upper GI bleed belongs to old age group i.e. had age above 60 years (n=235, 47.9%) followed by 40 to 59 years (n=174, 35.5%).Most common cause of upper GI bleed was found to be variceal bleed (n=292, 59.5%), followed by ulcer bleed (n=88, 18.0%) and stomach cancer (n=28, 6%). In 82 (17%) cases no reason for gastrointestinal bleed could be found out. Chi-square test showed Variceal bleed to be the most significant reason (χ2=65.2, P-Value<0.001) of Upper GI bleed. Conclusion: Variceal bleed is the most significant cause of upper GI bleed in our study population. This trend can be attributed to increased prevalence of hepatitis C in Pakistan. Special attention to the patient’s symptoms especially with history of HCV can help in early diagnosis and timely management. Keywords: Variceal Bleed, Upper GI Bleed, Endoscopy, Ulcer, Hepatitis C.

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Endoscopic Findings in Patients Presenting with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Cited by 5 publications

References 5 publications

Study of Endoscopic Findings in First Episode of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Study of Endoscopic Findings in First Episode of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Endoscopic Findings in Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Upper Egypt: A Single Centre Study

Variceal Bleeding is Leading Cause of Upper GI Bleed: A Study from Northern Part of Pakistan

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