Endoscopic Management of Dysplastic Barrett’s Oesophagus and Early Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma

Abstract

Barrett’s oesophagus is a pathological condition whereby the normal oesophageal squamous mucosa is replaced by specialised, intestinal-type metaplasia, which is strongly linked to chronic gastro-oesophageal reflux. A correct endoscopic and histological diagnosis is pivotal in the management of Barrett’s oesophagus to identify patients who are at high risk of progression to neoplasia. The presence and grade of dysplasia and the characteristics of visible lesions within the mucosa of Barrett’s oesophagus are both important to guide the most appropriate endoscopic therapy. In this review, we provide an overview on the management of Barrett’s oesophagus, with a particular focus on recent advances in the diagnosis and recommendations for endoscopic therapy to reduce the risk of developing oesophageal adenocarcinoma.