Endoscopic Management of Early Esophagogastric Cancer

Rizvi, Qurat-ul-Ain; Balachandran, Arrhchanah; Koay, Doreen Siew Ching; Sharma, Prateek; Singh, Rajvinder

doi:10.1016/j.soc.2016.10.007

“…Furthermore, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is employed to determine the degree of infiltration [20], which is more accurate than traditional ultrasound methods. Endoscopic therapy to save early esophageal cancer has been discussed in detail in previous studies [21][22][23][24], we will not elaborate here.…”

Section: Stages and Treatment Of Esophageal Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

The treatments and postoperative complications of esophageal cancer: a review

Xu

¹

,

Li

²

,

Zhu

³

et al. 2020

J Cardiothorac Surg

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Esophageal cancer is still one of the most common cancers in the world. We review the appropriate treatments at different stages of esophageal cancer and also analyze the advantages and disadvantages of these treatments. The prognosis and recovery of different treatment regimens are further discussed. In particular, post-operative complications are the major causes of high mortality derived from the esophageal cancer. Therefore, we particularly discuss the main complications resulting in high mortality after surgery of esophageal cancer, and summarize their risk factors and treatment options. Background As the common cancer, the complications of esophageal cancer after surgery have been not obtained systematic treatment strategy, focusing on treatment regimens based on the different stages of esophageal cancers. Methods and overview This paper systematically summarizes the appropriate treatment strategies for different stages of esophageal cancers, and their advantages and disadvantages. We particularly focus on the postoperative survival rate of patients and postoperative complications, and discuss the causes of high mortality risk factors after surgery. The risk factors of death and corresponding treatment methods are further summarized in this study. Conclusion Postoperative complications is the main cause responsible for the hard cure of esophageal cancers. The existing literatures indicate that postoperative anastomotic fistula is one of the most important complications leading to death, while it has not received much attention yet. We suggest that anastomotic fistula should be detected and dealt with early by summarizing these literatures. It is, therefore, necessary to develop a set of methods to predict or check anastomotic fistula in advance.

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“…In order to facilitate greater precision in staging and to further optimise stagespecific treatment in early esophageal cancer, T1a and T1b lesions have been further categorized into three subtypes (M1-M3 and SM1-SM3, respectively) according to the depth of invasion. Endoscopic mucosal resection is considered feasible in cancers involving the upper third of the submucosa (SM1 lesions) [63][64][65][66].…”

Section: Early Stage Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Esophagus

Kumar¹,

Sagar²,

Mathew³

2020

Squamous Cell Carcinoma - Hallmark and Treatment Modalities

2

0

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Esophageal cancer, according to GLOBOCAN 2018 data, ranks seventh in terms of incidence and sixth in mortality among all cancers worldwide. In India, it is considered the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Influenced by lifestyle, socioeconomic and environmental factors, striking geographic variations in incidence exist. With regard to histopathology, esophageal cancers are unique among malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract in that they principally comprise two variants: squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma, with the former accounting for up to 80% of cases. Etiological factors for SCC show marked variations worldwide, with tobacco consumption, alcohol, hot beverages, and poor nutrition constituting the predominant predisposing factors. Although present day therapeutic interventions have begun to positively influence disease prognosis, with significant improvements in survival noted over the last 3 decades, cancer of the esophagus remains a highly lethal disease with a case fatality rate approaching 90%. Management of this disease includes all three primary modalities of treatment; surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Surgical resection, the only curative modality of treatment, remains a challenge even with advances like minimal access surgery and is feasible only in early stage disease. Early diagnosis and accurate staging are paramount for optimizing treatment and hence, prognosis.

show abstract

“…In order to facilitate greater precision in staging and to further optimise stagespecific treatment in early esophageal cancer, T1a and T1b lesions have been further categorized into three subtypes (M1-M3 and SM1-SM3, respectively) according to the depth of invasion. Endoscopic mucosal resection is considered feasible in cancers involving the upper third of the submucosa (SM1 lesions) [63][64][65][66].…”

Section: Early Stage Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Esophagus

Rw¹,

Wc²,

Emlet³

et al. 2016

Diagnostic Pathology: Gastrointestinal

6

0

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Esophageal cancer, according to GLOBOCAN 2018 data, ranks seventh in terms of incidence and sixth in mortality among all cancers worldwide. In India, it is considered the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths. Influenced by lifestyle, socioeconomic and environmental factors, striking geographic variations in incidence exist. With regard to histopathology, esophageal cancers are unique among malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract in that they principally comprise two variants: squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma, with the former accounting for up to 80% of cases. Etiological factors for SCC show marked variations worldwide, with tobacco consumption, alcohol, hot beverages, and poor nutrition constituting the predominant predisposing factors. Although present day therapeutic interventions have begun to positively influence disease prognosis, with significant improvements in survival noted over the last 3 decades, cancer of the esophagus remains a highly lethal disease with a case fatality rate approaching 90%. Management of this disease includes all three primary modalities of treatment; surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Surgical resection, the only curative modality of treatment, remains a challenge even with advances like minimal access surgery and is feasible only in early stage disease. Early diagnosis and accurate staging are paramount for optimizing treatment and hence, prognosis.

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Endoscopic Management of Early Esophagogastric Cancer

Cited by 18 publications

References 59 publications

The treatments and postoperative complications of esophageal cancer: a review

The treatments and postoperative complications of esophageal cancer: a review

Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Esophagus

Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Esophagus

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