Advanced Endoscopy 2020
DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.87144
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Endoscopic Management of Leaks and Fistula in Gastrointestinal Tract

Abstract: Leak, perforation, and fistula are the three main types of transmural defects in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Evolution of interventional endoscopic\ techniques as well as widespread use of laparoscopic and bariatric surgical procedures has contributed to the rising incidence of GI defects. The basic principle for management of leaks and fistula is to provide a barricade to the flow of luminal contents across the defect. This can be achieved either by a surgical or endoscopic method. Minimally invasive clo… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications
(5 citation statements)
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References 52 publications
(56 reference statements)
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“…There is an algorithm for management of leak and fistula. Regarding the fistula management, drainage of any collection by interventional radiology with concurrent antibiotics & nutritional status improvement are the first steps, then the management depends on the size of fistula: (a) if the size is more than 2 cm, it needs fistulotomy; (b) if size is less than 2 cm, attempts of primary closure should be tried; (c)if size of fistula is less than 10 mm, the OTSC is used; (d) if the size of fistula more than 10 mm but less than 2 cm, Endo-stitch devise is used [ 14 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…There is an algorithm for management of leak and fistula. Regarding the fistula management, drainage of any collection by interventional radiology with concurrent antibiotics & nutritional status improvement are the first steps, then the management depends on the size of fistula: (a) if the size is more than 2 cm, it needs fistulotomy; (b) if size is less than 2 cm, attempts of primary closure should be tried; (c)if size of fistula is less than 10 mm, the OTSC is used; (d) if the size of fistula more than 10 mm but less than 2 cm, Endo-stitch devise is used [ 14 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For leak, the management algorithm depends on the clinical status for the patient: (a) if patient presents with unstable clinical condition, he will be subjected for surgery; (b) if presenting with stable clinical condition, the patient will be subjected for endoscopic management according to size of the leak: (b.1) if the size is more than 2 cm, it needs resection & anastomosis; (b.2) if the size is less than 2 cm, attempts of primary closure should be tried; (b.3) if the size of fistula is less than 10 mm, the OTSC is used; (b.4) if the size of fistula is more than 10 mm but less than 2 cm, Endo-stitch device is used [ 14 , 15 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Las fugas y fístulas anastomóticas son complicaciones complejas en cirugía del tracto gastrointestinal, especialmente en pacientes con patologías neoplásicas. En el caso de tumores de recto la escisión mesorrectal total crea una cavidad presacra cercana a la anastomosis donde puede haber acumulación de líquido y detritos que favorecen la presencia de colecciones sobreinfectadas (4,5) . Se han identificado varios factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de estas lesiones, como los son el nivel de la anastomosis rectal, se sabe que las anastomosis inferiores (por debajo de 5 cm.…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
“…El manejo endoscópico surgió como una alternativa mínimamente invasiva para el manejo de estas lesiones, con altos índices de éxito y mejor perfil de seguridad en comparación al manejo quirúrgico (3,4) . Weidenhagen et al introdujeron la técnica de cierre endoscópico asistido por vacío en el 2008, inicialmente para el manejo de fugas anastomóticas colorrectales en pacientes con patologías neoplásicas que fueron llevados a resección anterior baja de recto (8) y desde entonces se ha posicionado como una de las intervenciones de elección para el manejo de estos pacientes (4,9) . Entre los años 2019 a 2021, se intervinieron 4 pacientes, con antecedente de adenocarcinoma de recto, todos recibieron neoadyuvancia, en postoperatorio de resección de recto según la localización del tumor, quienes durante el postoperatorio presentaron dehiscencias anastomóticas.…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
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