“…19 Since that time, many small case series have reported comparable oncologic results when TER is compared to CFR for small, carefully selected anterior skull base malignancies. 6,[17][18][19][21][22][23][24][25][26] With the continuous advances in surgical instrumentation, optical aids, and image guidance, TER has evolved as a viable alternative to CFR for select malignancies. Advantages of this approach include superior visualization of difficult areas, such as the frontal recess, sphenoid sinus, orbital apex, pterygomaxillary space, and inferior part of the septum.…”