Endoscopic Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome

Moura, Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux de; Orso, Ivan Roberto Bonotto; Martins, Bruno da Costa; Lopes, Guilherme S.

doi:10.5772/45989

Cited by 1 publication

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Hence, reducing the levels of ghrelin might induce weight loss. 7 – 10 In addition, an increase in small intestinal hormones, including glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), and oxyntomodulin, was noted. 14 Many obese patients have dysbiosis with significant alterations in the gut microbiota.…”

Section: Molecular Mechanisms Of Endobariatric Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 1 Studies have shown that bariatric surgery improves obesity-related complications along with the improved quality of life. 4 – 6 Previous methods for controlling obesity and insulin resistance used a combination of pharmacological and lifestyle changes 7 , 8 ; however, a meta-analysis of these interventions showed limited efficacy in reducing body weight and adherence to the treatment regimen. 7 – 10 Although the precise mechanisms of the effects of conservative approaches for weight loss remain unclear, it could be due to the compensatory increase in ghrelin in response to dietary manipulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both restrictive and malabsorptive methods improve weight loss by altering gastric function, GI hormones, and GI motility. 1 , 7 Restrictive methods, such as the Orbera ® and ReShape™ IGBs, increase satiety and delay gastric emptying while decreasing the amount of food that is ingested. 15 In contrast, malabsorptive devices, such as the EndoBarrier ® , interfere with the small intestine’s ability to absorb food while restoring normal GI hormone levels regulating satiety.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Together, EBTs have provided a useful alternative for patients in whom pharmacological or lifestyle modifications have proven ineffective. 7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 17 Due to these benefits, endoscopic weight loss therapies are considered another alternative for weight loss because of their lower risk profile, increasing availability, minimal anatomic alteration, and potential of reversibility compared with surgical bariatric procedures. 7 In addition, EBTs have also positively impacted the quality of life and the patients’ psychological aspects. 18 Although bariatric surgical techniques have improved over time, strict preoperative surgical/anesthesia criteria and postoperative complications limit the use of bariatric surgeries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endobariatric procedures for obesity: clinical indications and available options

Goyal

Kopel

Perisetti

et al. 2021

Clin Med Insights Gastroenterol

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Obesity remains a growing public health epidemic that has increased healthcare costs and related comorbidities. Current treatment guidelines encourage a multidisciplinary approach starting from patient selection, interventions, and long-term follow-up to maintain weight loss. However, these conservative interventions are largely ineffective at reducing body weight due to low adherence to the treatment regimen. Recently, endoscopic bariatric therapies have become an attractive alternative to traditional invasive bariatric surgeries due to their improved efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness. Endoscopic bariatric therapies include intragastric balloon placement, endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty, gastric bypass revision, and aspiration therapy. These procedures fall into two separate categories depending on the primary mechanism involved: restrictive or malabsorptive. Restrictive methods, such as the Orbera® and ReShape™ intragastric balloons, increase satiation and delay gastric emptying while decreasing the amount of food that can be ingested. In contrast, malabsorptive devices, such as the EndoBarrier®, interfere with the small intestine’s ability to absorb food while restoring normal gastrointestinal hormone levels regulating satiation. Together, these techniques provide useful alternatives for patients in whom pharmacological or lifestyle modifications have proven ineffective. Despite these advantages, the long-term effects of these procedures on metabolic changes remain to be studied. Furthermore, the management of complications from these procedures continues to evolve. In this review, we aim to elaborate on the clinical indications and efficacy of the endobariatric procedures, together with various types of available endoscopic bariatric therapy procedures.

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