Endospores, Sporulation and Germination

Abel-Santos, Ernesto

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-397169-2.00009-3

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 192 publications

(142 reference statements)

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“…However, when compared to the akinete-specific protein of A. variabilis, which is the only one known thus far [48], homology was very low (9.8%). Prior studies were conducted on the endospore of the Bacillus species, such as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus [54][55][56][57][58]. The protein information of these endogenous spores is composed of short fragments, smaller than 200 aa, and this endospore protein has very low homology (<1%) with the akinete-specific protein found in this study.…”

Section: Alvellkhkp Kateeqlktv Menfvafvdk Ccaaddkeac Favegpklvv 600mentioning

confidence: 68%

Analyzing the Akinete Protein of the Harmful Freshwater Cyanobacterium, Dolichospermum circinale

Kim,

Park,

Hwang

2023

Water

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Akinete is a survival structure in cyanobacteria that has overcome unfavorable environmental conditions and influences their perennial blooms in the freshwater system. However, the akinete cellular and biochemical properties are insufficiently explored. We analyzed the akinete structure, as well as akinete-specific proteins and their amino acid sequence. Akinetes of Dolichospermum circinale were produced from their vegetative cells isolated from the North Han River, Korea. The akinete protein was obtained using electrophoresis, and utilizing its amino acid sequences, its antibody-binding reaction potential (ig-score) was quantified. Akinete protein masses were 17 kDa–180 kDa, and the akinete protein mass was 110 kDa. The ig score was high (average 5.0121 points) in the first half of the amino acid sequence, indicating a β-turn form. The amino acid sequence, having over 50% homology with the D. circinale akinete protein, was not present in GenBank. The homology of the D. circinale akinete-specific protein was very low (9.8%) compared to that of Anabaena variabilis, indicating that its composition was substantially different, even among phylogenetically close taxa. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the D. circinale akinete protein and its amino acid sequence, with preliminary information for their practical application for detecting akinetes in freshwater systems.

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Section: Alvellkhkp Kateeqlktv Menfvafvdk Ccaaddkeac Favegpklvv 600mentioning

confidence: 68%

Analyzing the Akinete Protein of the Harmful Freshwater Cyanobacterium, Dolichospermum circinale

Kim,

Park,

Hwang

2023

Water

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“…Careful antibiotic selection is important since drug‐resistant strains of Clostridium spp. have been identified (Abel‐Santos, 2015; Rood & Cole, 1991; Vidor et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…P. sordellii produces two major toxins known as the lethal toxin and hemorrhagic toxin. The lethal toxin (TcsL) is implicated in clostridial enteritis (Abel‐Santos, 2015). C. novyi is primarily a soilborne pathogen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of clostridial diseases in rhinoceroses

Angwenyi

Hassell

Miller

et al. 2023

Conservat Sci and Prac

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Although rhinoceros conservation efforts are focused on anti‐poaching and combating wildlife trade, infectious diseases are an increasing threat to both free‐ranging and captive rhinoceros populations. Among these, clostridial infections with Clostridium perfringens, Paeniclostridium sordellii, and Clostridium novyi have caused acute disease in black and white rhinoceroses, characterized by a high mortality rate within very brief time spans. The acute nature, as well as limited knowledge of epidemiology, diagnosis, and management, make clostridial diseases an important threat to rhinoceros conservation. This article reviews historical cases of clostridial disease in rhinoceros with the aim of formulating a clearer understanding of the disease's epidemiology and using this information to make recommendations for its management in free‐ranging rhinoceroses. Acute colic and sudden death in rhinoceroses, together with necropsy findings of segmental hemorrhagic enteritis, should lead towards a tentative diagnosis of enteric clostridial disease, although detection and identification of specific toxins are required for a definitive diagnosis. Our findings indicate the need for further research into clostridial disease dynamics in wildlife species and provide the basis for this research in rhinoceroses.

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“…This development has driven the research into other probiotic genera not yet explored such as Bacillus . Bacillus probiotics are pore-forming bacteria that can survive the harsh conditions needed for pelletizing and can tolerate aerobic conditions for industrial use, unlike Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Bacillus: Metabolites and Their Mode of Action

Tran

Cock

Chen³

et al. 2022

Antibiotics

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The agricultural industry utilizes antibiotic growth promoters to promote livestock growth and health. However, the World Health Organization has raised concerns over the ongoing spread of antibiotic resistance transmission in the populace, leading to its subsequent ban in several countries, especially in the European Union. These restrictions have translated into an increase in pathogenic outbreaks in the agricultural industry, highlighting the need for an economically viable, non-toxic, and renewable alternative to antibiotics in livestock. Probiotics inhibit pathogen growth, promote a beneficial microbiota, regulate the immune response of its host, enhance feed conversion to nutrients, and form biofilms that block further infection. Commonly used lactic acid bacteria probiotics are vulnerable to the harsh conditions of the upper gastrointestinal system, leading to novel research using spore-forming bacteria from the genus Bacillus. However, the exact mechanisms behind Bacillus probiotics remain unexplored. This review tackles this issue, by reporting antimicrobial compounds produced from Bacillus strains, their proposed mechanisms of action, and any gaps in the mechanism studies of these compounds. Lastly, this paper explores omics approaches to clarify the mechanisms behind Bacillus probiotics.

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Endospores, Sporulation and Germination

Cited by 8 publications

References 192 publications

Analyzing the Akinete Protein of the Harmful Freshwater Cyanobacterium, Dolichospermum circinale

Analyzing the Akinete Protein of the Harmful Freshwater Cyanobacterium, Dolichospermum circinale

A review of clostridial diseases in rhinoceroses

Antimicrobial Bacillus: Metabolites and Their Mode of Action

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