Endosulfan acute toxicity in Bufo bufo gills: Ultrastructural changes and nitric oxide synthase localization

Bernabò, Ilaria; Brunelli, Elvira; Berg, Cecilia; Bonacci, Antonella; Tripepi, Sandro

doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2007.12.006

Cited by 48 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Jones et al 2009 for a multi-species analysis). At lower concentrations, varied effects were found, including morphological deformities (Kang et al 2008) and gill structure alterations (Bernabò et al 2008;Brunelli et al 2010). At the behavioral level in contaminated tadpoles, Berrill et al (1998) observed a lack of avoidance response to a simulated predator, feeding suppression and lag effects in two ranid species (Rana clamitans and R. sylvatica), whereas Westman et al (2010) found longer times to quiescence after induced stress in one treefrog (Pseudacris regilla) and spadefoot toad (Spea intermontana).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Longer studies involving chronic exposure to chemicals until metamorphosis (Newman et al 2006;Relyea and Hoverman 2006), post-exposure tests at the larval stage (Berrill et al 1998;Jones et al 2009) but also through the entire life cycle (Hayes et al 2010;Kvarnryd et al 2011) allowed researchers to examine the effects of pollutants at low concentrations on the long term. Both short and long term studies provided fine scale data such as gene or protein signature (Gillardin et al 2009a), cytology (Marquis et al 2010), physiology (Gillardin et al 2009b), morphology (Bernabò et al 2008), and behavior (Bromhall 2005;Giusi et al 2010;Egea-Serrano et al 2011). Both short and longterm methods are complementary, but it would be useful to develop more sublethal markers for short-term tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Using sets of behavioral biomarkers to assess short-term effects of pesticide: a study case with endosulfan on frog tadpoles

Denoël¹,

D’Hooghe²,

Ficetola

et al. 2012

Ecotoxicology

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Pesticides and other chemicals often have detrimental effects at environmental concentrations. Many amphibian species are particularly threatened because of their susceptibility but also because wetlands are often polluted. Behavioral assessments of toxicity have the advantage of showing sublethal effects but quantitative measures at varied scales of integrations are rarely considered together. In this study, we aimed at showing that these behavioral endpoints could be differently affected across time and concentrations, and be biomarkers of toxicity. To this end, we tested the effects of an organochlorine pesticide (endosulfan) on amphibians during a standard 96 h test. We evaluated possible lag effects in continuing the analyses after removal of the pesticide. The study was based on 240 tadpoles (4 pesticide treatments: 0.4, 3, 22, and 282 μg/l, 1 control and 1 solvent-control). Abnormal behaviors such as lying and swirling rapidly were exhibited only in the presence of the pesticide. Essential functions such as breathing and feeding were deeply affected by the pesticide: contaminated tadpoles breathed and fed less than control tadpoles. They also moved less and occupied a more central position in the aquariums in the presence of the pesticide. A higher mortality was only found at the highest concentration. These results suggest that endosulfan is toxic to amphibians at environmental concentrations. Behavioral markers showed potential as early warning systems. They should thus be used in complement to other markers to detect sublethal effects only a few days after application of the pesticide and at concentrations where mortality does not occur.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Using sets of behavioral biomarkers to assess short-term effects of pesticide: a study case with endosulfan on frog tadpoles

Denoël¹,

D’Hooghe²,

Ficetola

et al. 2012

Ecotoxicology

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“…Toxicity data for amphibians are available for only one of the detected CUPs, a-ES. The 96-h LC50 values vary for different types of frog species, and laboratory tests showed that the 96-h LC50 levels for a-ES range between 0.43 and 120 mg Á L À1 [48,49]. The field concentrations are orders of magnitude lower than the lowest concentrations that have been observed to have an acute toxic effect on amphibians.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Current‐use pesticide transport to Costa Rica's high‐altitude tropical cloud forest

Shunthirasingham¹,

Gouin²,

Lei³

et al. 2011

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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To gain insight into the atmospheric transport and deposition of organic contaminants in high-altitude forests in the humid tropics, pesticides were analyzed in air, water, and soil samples from Costa Rica. Passive samplers deployed across the country revealed annually averaged air concentrations of chlorothalonil, endosulfan, and pendimethalin that were higher in areas with intensive agricultural activities than in more remote areas. Atmospheric concentrations were particularly high in the intensively cultivated central valley. Only endosulfan and its degradation products were found in soils sampled along an altitudinal transect on the northern side of Volcano Turrialba, which is facing heavily cultivated coastal plains. Consistent with calculations of cold trapping in tropical mountains, concentrations of endosulfan sulfate increased with altitude. Pesticide levels in lake, creek, fog, and arboreal water samples from high-elevation cloud forests were generally below 10 ng · L(-1). Endosulfan sulfate was the most abundant pesticide in water, with concentrations ranging from 0.4 to 9.4 ng · L(-1). Its levels were highest in water sampled from bromeliads. Levels of total endosulfan in water are much lower than the reported median lethal concentration (LC50) value for acute toxicity of α-endosulfan to tadpoles. Although this suggests that the presence of pesticide might not have a direct impact on amphibian populations, the possibility of effects of chronic exposure to a mixture of substances cannot be excluded. Fog was relatively enriched in some of the analyzed pesticides, such as dacthal and chlorothalonil, and may constitute an important deposition pathway to high-altitude tropical cloud forest.

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“…Bionda et al (2013) reported that amphibians in altered Argentinean agroecosystems had lower egg and larval survival compared with organisms from noncultivated area with population projections less favorable leading to extinction in crop-dominated areas. Several laboratory studies reported adverse effects of endosulfan on amphibian embryo-larval development, i.e., lethality in various species at environmentally relevant concentrations (Jones et al 2009;De Jong Westman et al 2010), delay to complete metamorphosis (Brunelli et al 2009), malformations of gills (Bernabó et al 2008), failures in the endocrine system (Goulet and Hontela 2003), and neurotoxic effects (Agostini et al 2009;Denoël et al 2013;Svartz et al 2014). However, most toxicity studies evaluate adverse effects under acute exposure condition only during certain periods of the life cycle.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Differential Uptake of Endosulfan in the South American Toad Under Sublethal Exposure

Svartz

Marino

Ronco

et al. 2015

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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Agroecosystems are usually polluted with a wide variety of contaminants with pesticides being very frequently detected. Endosulfan, an organochlorine pesticide, has been shown to cause both lethal and sublethal effects on aquatic organisms such as amphibians and especially on its early developmental stages. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the uptake of environmentally relevant concentrations of endosulfan and its correlation with differential sensitivity in the early development stages of the common South American toad, Rhinella arenarum. Embryos and larvae were exposed to sublethal concentrations of endosulfan for several periods of exposures. According to the developmental stage at which they were exposed, the uptake rate was different. Bioconcentration factors (BCFs) for embryos significantly decreased with exposure time and concentration (p < 0.05) reaching a BCF of ≤1679 for embryos at 96 h of exposure to 0.001 mg endosulfan L(-1). BCFs for larvae significantly increased with exposure time (p < 0.05) obtaining a maximum of 40 at 504 h. In our previous study, we reported that embryos were less sensitive to the effects of endosulfan than larvae, which is in line with the main tendency of embryos to bioconcentrate endosulfan as observed in this study.

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Endosulfan acute toxicity in Bufo bufo gills: Ultrastructural changes and nitric oxide synthase localization

Cited by 48 publications

References 58 publications

Using sets of behavioral biomarkers to assess short-term effects of pesticide: a study case with endosulfan on frog tadpoles

Using sets of behavioral biomarkers to assess short-term effects of pesticide: a study case with endosulfan on frog tadpoles

Current‐use pesticide transport to Costa Rica's high‐altitude tropical cloud forest

Differential Uptake of Endosulfan in the South American Toad Under Sublethal Exposure

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