Endothelial activation with prothrombotic response in irradiated microvascular recipient veins

Bilateral Free Flap Breast Reconstruction After Unilateral Radiation

“…16 Microscopically, studies have shown radiation induces a proinflammatory state through activation of nuclear factor κ β in blood vessel walls, as well as a prothrombotic state through gene activation of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. 17 Established mechanisms, such as these help to explain the increase in intraoperative vascular complications seen when operating in previously irradiated fields, such as the chest in the current study's case. Although the systematic use of intravenous heparin is typically not advocated in patients undergoing free flap breast reconstruction, it is possible that a better understanding of these mechanisms contributing to the increase in intraoperative vascular complications postradiation may provide a basis for drug development to prevent such complications.…”

Pulp Vitality in Patients with Intraoral and Oropharyngeal Malignant Tumors Undergoing Radiation Therapy Assessed by Pulse Oximetry

“…The pulp SpO 2 rates measured at the four different time points in this investigation as well as measurements performed by other authors (35)(36)(37) indicated that these changes may be a later consequence of RT. Vascular changes in the structure of tumor tissues were shown to occur because of the fractionation of RT (38).…”

Management of venous thrombosis in fibular free osseomusculocutaneous flaps used for mandibular reconstruction: clinical techniques and treatment considerations

“…Compromised venous vessels in the donor region may lead to venous failure [9]. A further risk of thrombus formation is the higher prethrombotic activity in irradiated vessels [10]. Imaging techniques, such as angiography, can be applied to evaluate the vascular situation in advance [11].…”