Endothelial cell functions

Michiels, Carine

doi:10.1002/jcp.10333

Cited by 621 publications

(476 citation statements)

References 157 publications

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“…Endothelial cells secrete a variety of factors that are important for the regulation of blood coagulation, platelet functions, and the process of fibrinolysis [40]. These factors are responsible for the maintenance of vascular tone, the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, and the preservation of overall vascular homeostasis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Engineering a Human Neoendothelium with Circulating Progenitor Cells

et al. 2009

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Tissue-engineered vascular grafts may one day provide a solution to many of the limitations associated with using synthetic vascular grafts. However, identifying a suitable cell source and polymer scaffold to recreate the properties of a native blood vessel remains a challenge. In this work, we assess the feasibility of using endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) found in circulating blood to generate a functional endothelium on poly(1,8-octanediol-co-citrate) (POC), a biodegradable elastomeric polyester. EPCs were isolated from human blood and biochemically differentiated into endothelial-like cells (HE-like) in vitro. The differentiated cell phenotype and function was confirmed by the appearance of the characteristic endothelial cell (EC) cobblestone morphology and positive staining for EC markers, von Willebrand factor, vascular endothelial cadherin, flk-1, and CD31. In addition, HE-like cells cultured on POC express endothelial nitric oxide synthase at levels comparable to aortic ECs. Furthermore, as with mature endothelial cells, HE-like cell populations show negligible expression of tissue factor. Similarly, HE-like cells produce and secrete prostacyclin and tissue plasminogen activator at levels comparable to venous and aortic ECs. When compared to fibroblast cells, HE-like cells cultured on POC show a decrease in the rate of plasma and wholeblood clot formation as well as a decrease in platelet adhesion. Finally, the data show that HE-like cells can withstand physiological shear stress of 10 dynes/cm 2 when cultured on POC-modified expanded poly(tetrafluoroethylene) vascular grafts. Collectively, these data are the foundation for future clinical studies in the creation of an autologous endothelial cell-seeded vascular graft. STEM CELLS 2010;28:318-328 Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Engineering a Human Neoendothelium with Circulating Progenitor Cells

et al. 2009

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“…Una de las principales funciones del endotelio es garantizar un flujo sanguíneo adecuado, que está regulado por la secreción de diversas moléculas (28). La respuesta vascular global es el resultado de una compleja interacción de varias vías vasoactivas (29). El NO y otros factores de relajación derivados del endotelio (EDRFs) desempeñan un papel importante en la determinación del tono vascular, cuya acción es dependiente del lecho vascular y del calibre del vaso (30,31).…”

Section: Endoteliounclassified

El Consumo De Frutas Y Hortalizas Ayuda a Prevenir El Daño Endotelial

Palomo

Moore‐Carrasco

et al. 2011

Rev. chil. nutr.

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INTRODUCCIÓNLa células endoteliales, entre otras funciones, regulan el tono y permeabilidad vascular, adhesión leucocitaria y la hemostasia (1). Dentro de los mecanismos que regulan las funciones del endotelio, la producción de óxido nítrico (NO) es de central importancia. ABSTRACT The endothelium helps to maintain the normal structure and homeostasis of the vasculature. However, chronic exposure to cardiovascular (CV) risk factors causes endothelial dysfunction, a phenomenon that is characterized by inflammation, reduced bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) and a prothrombotic state. Epidemiological studies have shown that regular consumption of fruits and vegetables reduces CV risk, which has caused interest in knowing the bioactive compounds and the mechanisms involved. Among the components that protect the endothelium are antioxidants (vitamin C, vitamin E and polyphenols) and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Vitamin C and E promote vasodilatation protecting NO by blocking the reactive oxygen species (ROS). Polyphenols improve endothelial function primarily by increasing levels of NO, and inhibition of angiogenesis and platelet activation. Diets rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids have shown beneficial effects by reducing the gene expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and the expression of cell adhesion molecules. This review mainly highlights the current understanding of endothelial dysfunction and the protective effect of endothelial cells by bioactive components of fruits and vegetables.

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“…In addition to their important barrier function, endothelial cells have diverse actions including the regulation of vascular tone and homeostasis as well as a central role in the recruitment of immune cells to lymphoid organs and sites of inflammation (28). These and those factors described above, as well as their obvious accessibility from the systemic circulation, make the vascular endothelium an attractive therapeutic target in RA.…”

Section: Specific Targeting Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%