Endothelial cell growth factors in embryonic and adult chick brain are related to human acidic fibroblast growth factor.

Risau, Werner; Gautschi-Sova, Peter; Bőhlen, Peter

doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1988.tb02901.x

Cited by 75 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This characteristic is completely different from hitherto known angiogenic factors (e.g. FGF-1, FGF-2, VEGF, placental growth factor (PlGF), and hepatocyte growth factor), which are eluted with 0.8 -1.5 M NaCl (21)(22)(23)(24)(25). When Western blot analysis of the eluted fractions was performed using an anti-GnT-V antibody, its reactivity corresponded to the HUVEC proliferation activity (data not shown).…”

Section: Transplantation Of Gnt-v Transfectants Induces Hypervascularmentioning

confidence: 79%

A Secreted Type of β1,6-N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V) Induces Tumor Angiogenesis without Mediation of Glycosylation

Saito

Miyoshi

Sasai

et al. 2002

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Angiogenesis is the first regulatory step of tumor progression. Herein, we report on some findings that show that ␤1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V) functions as an inducer of angiogenesis that has a novel and completely different function from the original function of glycosyltransferase. A secreted type of GnT-V protein itself promoted angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo at physiological concentrations. The highly basic domain of GnT-V induced the release of fibroblast growth factor-2 from heparan sulfate proteoglycan on the cell surface and/or extracellular matrix, leading to angiogenesis. These findings provide some novel information on the relationship between GnT-V and tumor metastasis. The inhibition of GnT-V secretion or its expression represents a novel potential strategy for the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis.Angiogenesis represents an obligatory step in cancer progression (1, 2). A variety of factors, such as fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), 1 vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin-8, contribute to tumor growth. The production of these factors and cytokines is controlled by complicated mechanisms, which include increased gene expression, posttranslational modifications, and interactions with the extracellular matrix.Many growth factors and their receptors, some of which play a role in tumor angiogenesis, are glycoproteins. Recent studies employing glycosyltransferase gene manipulation have revealed that changes in the oligosaccharide structure of these receptors bring about alterations in intracellular signaling, thus leading to cellular transformation (3-6). ␤1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V or mannoside acetylglucosaminyltransferase 5 (Mgat5)), which catalyzes the formation of ␤1-6 branching on N-glycans, has been proposed as one of the most important glycosyltransferases associated with tumor metastasis (7,8). Furthermore, a recent study of GnT-V-deficient mice indicates that it is essential for tumor metastasis as well as for tumor growth (9).Clinical studies have shown increases in GnT-V activity in breast and hepatocellular carcinomas (10, 11). In human breast cancer cells, a positive correlation was observed between GnT-V activity and tumor size (11). We have found that the expression of GnT-V in human colon cancer tissues was correlated with a poor prognosis and distant metastasis (12). This suggests that GnT-V level should be indicative of a poor prognosis in cases of colorectal cancer. These results strongly suggest that GnT-V plays a pivotal role in tumor malignancy. However, the detailed mechanisms of the regulation via GnT-V with respect to tumor size or metastasis remain unknown.To address this issue, we established GnT-V transfectants and examined the metastatic potentials of these cells. In the course of this study, we found that GnT-V transfectants induced dramatic increase in angiogenic activity. The induction of tumor angiogenesis by GnT-V is thought to be due to 1) increases in the expression/production of angiogenic factors, 2) changes...

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Section: Transplantation Of Gnt-v Transfectants Induces Hypervascularmentioning

confidence: 79%

A Secreted Type of β1,6-N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V) Induces Tumor Angiogenesis without Mediation of Glycosylation

Saito

Miyoshi

Sasai

et al. 2002

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…This invasion of external blood vessels occurs at very early stages of development, probably under the influence of soluble factors (Risau et al, 1988). In the chick, blood vessels are present in the brain anlage at E4 (Feeney and Watterson, 1946) and in rodents at E l l (Robertson et al, 1985).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel mouse endothelial cell surface marker is suppressed during differentiation of the blood brain barrier

Hallmann

Mayer

Berg

et al. 1995

Developmental Dynamics

199

145

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Few markers specific for mouse endothelium exist. We describe here one such marker, MECA-32, a monoclonal antibody which shows high specificity for mouse endothelium in both embryonic and mature tissues. The MECA-32 antigen has a M, of 50-55 x lo3 under reducing conditions and M, of 100-120 x lo3 under nonreducing conditions. It is expressed on most endothelial cells in the embryonic and in the adult mouse, with the exception of the brain, skeletal, and cardiac muscle, where it has a more restricted distribution. In skeletal and cardiac muscle only small arterioles and venules express the MECA-32 antigen, while in the brain its expression is negatively correlated with the differentiation of the vasculature to form the blood brain barrier. Interestingly, during embryonic development the antigen occurs on the brain vasculature up to day 16 of gestation (E16), whereupon it disappears. The embryonic brain is an avascular organ anlage which is vascularized by ingrowth of external blood vessels. Differentiation of the vasculature to form the blood brain barrier occurs at approximately El6 in the mouse. This differentiation correlates with the downregulation of MECA-32 antigen expression. Between El2 and El6 MECA-32 detects most endothelial cell surfaces of the blood vessels in the brain. No MECA-32 antigen is found in the brain at El7 or any later stage of development with the exception of the vasculature of the circumventricular organs. The results suggest that MECA-32 antigen expression is temporally and spatially correlated with the development of the blood brain barrier. o 1995 WiIey-Liss, Inc.

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“…In hypoxic condition, the number of vessels was increased; a transitory increment in vessel diameter was recognized and the value of the distance between contiguous vessels was much lower than under normal condition (Ribatti et al, 1989). Risau isolated from embryonic chick brain an endothelial cell growth factor and found to be identical to acidic and basic fibroblast growth factor (Risau, 1986, Risau et al, 1988. The mitogenic activity was found to increase during embryonic chick brain development and reached a plateau around ED14.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential expression of angiogenic and anti-angiogenic molecules in the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane and selected organs during embryonic development

Marinaccio¹,

Nico²,

Ribatti

2013

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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In this study we have investigated by real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) the expression of cytokines, which are well known angiogenic and anti-angionenic molecules, during chick embryo development in four organs, namely the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM), heart, liver and optic tectum at four different stages. We have studied the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), angiopoietin-1 (ANG-1), hypoxia inducible factor-1 and -2 alpha (HIF-1a and HIF-2a), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and of endostatin. All the pro-angiogenic cytokines examined showed a progressive increase in their expression in brain, heart, and liver, through all the stages of development, and parallel endostatin reduces its expression. In contrast, in the CAM, all the pro-angiogenic factors examined, with the exception of ANG-1, showed a stably-decreased expression during development, whereas endostatin progressively increased its expression. The CAM as an extraembryonic membrane which mediates gas and nutrient exchange until hatching, may be considered an outer organ and not an intrinsic organ of the developing embryo in which the mechanisms regulating the development of the vascular tree are different.

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Endothelial cell growth factors in embryonic and adult chick brain are related to human acidic fibroblast growth factor.

Cited by 75 publications

References 18 publications

A Secreted Type of β1,6-N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V) Induces Tumor Angiogenesis without Mediation of Glycosylation

A Secreted Type of β1,6-N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V) Induces Tumor Angiogenesis without Mediation of Glycosylation

Novel mouse endothelial cell surface marker is suppressed during differentiation of the blood brain barrier

Differential expression of angiogenic and anti-angiogenic molecules in the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane and selected organs during embryonic development

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