Endothelial Dysfunction Induced by Chronic Psychological Stress: A Risk Factor for Atherosclerosis

Côco, Hariane; Oliveira, Ana Maria de

doi:10.4172/2329-6607.1000168

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Also, sustained HPA axis activation and cortisol exposure lead to glucocorticoid-resistance, which is associated with decreased capability of cortisol to suppress proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, INF-γ) production and induce antiinflammatory cytokine (IL-4, IL-10, IL-13) secretion [16]. Moreover, it has been shown that chronic psychosocial stress induced activation of sympathetic nervous system results in endothelial dysfunction due to indirect activation of NADPH oxidase, which catalyzes the generation of reactive oxygen species [17,18]. Additionally, it is speculated that psychosocial stress is associated with increased platelet activation and reactivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Hair Cortisol Concentration with Prevalence of Major Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Allostatic Load

et al. 2019

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Background The high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases cannot be explained completely by conventional risk factors such as older age, smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity, and dyslipidemia. Results of recent studies indicate that chronic stress may be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Thus, the aim of our study was to investigate the associations between the hair cortisol concentration (HCC), which is considered as a potential biomarker of long-term psychosocial stress, and traditional cardiovascular risk factors, including smoking, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and obesity. Material/Methods Fasting blood samples and anthropometric and lifestyle data were collected from 163 apparently healthy men. HCC was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. Allostatic load (AL) index, defined as an integrated score of multiple interacting systems involved in the adaptation to adverse physical or psychosocial situations, was also calculated. Results We found that many prevalent cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, smoking, higher than recommended waist circumference (WC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) median values, are associated with higher HCC. Hair cortisol level was also positively associated with the manifestation of individual cardiovascular risk factors such as higher-than-recommended total cholesterol, LDL-C, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, body mass index, and WC median values. Moreover, a significant positive relationship between HCC and AL index was observed. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that increased prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors is associated with higher HCC. Also, both HCC and AL index might be appropriate markers for the evaluation of chronic stress level.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Hair Cortisol Concentration with Prevalence of Major Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Allostatic Load

et al. 2019

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“…The mechanism consisted of vasoconstriction due to sympathetic activation and alteration of nitric oxide production and action [39,40]. Endothelial dysfunction after psychic stress appears to be due to oxidative stress and release of vasoconstrictive substances, such as endothelin and angiotensin II [41][42][43][44]. Catecholamines do not directly affect endothelial function, although they influence it indirectly by increasing blood pressure [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

When myocardial infarction is choosing young victims

Nedelcu¹,

Ionescu²,

Ionescu³

et al. 2020

JMMS

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We present the case of a 31-year-old patient, without cardiovascular risk factors, without significant pathological or family history of cardiovascular disease, who was diagnosed with severe coronary artery disease, left main bifurcation localization, which required surgical coronary revascularization. The angiographic and intraoperative aspect excluded the most common causes of non-atherosclerotic causes of coronary lesions. Vasculitis was another possible etiology but was also excluded based on the normal clinical examination, negative inflammation markers, lack of diffuse vascular impairment, TPHA and negative VDRL. Prolonged mental stress can lead to accelerated progression of atherosclerosis by inducing endothelial dysfunction, our patient describing a "burnout syndrome" in the last few months. The particularity of the presented case is the severe coronary artery disease in a young patient without discovering the main etiology of the advanced atherosclerotic process.

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“…Recent studies suggest that psychological stress triggers endothelial dysfunction 29 . As previously stated, psychological stress activates the sympathetic nervous system, reninangiotensin system and the HPA axis, triggering increased levels of catecholamines, glucocorticoids and Ang II and pro-inflammatory cytokines, respectively.…”

Section: Impact Of Stress On Cardiovascular Health and Stress Mechani...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These alterations lead to vascular inflammation and, consequently, the development of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, TNF-alpha and MAP kinases (mitogen activated protein) signaling pathway play a potential role in the inflammatory process, as well as the adrenergic receptors and CXCL12 chemokine that are involved with hematopoietic activation and the development of atherosclerotic lesions 29 .…”

Section: Impact Of Stress On Cardiovascular Health and Stress Mechani...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining the importance of stress reduction in managing cardiovascular disease - the role of exercise

Popović

Bjelobrk

Tešić³

et al. 2022

Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases

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Endothelial Dysfunction Induced by Chronic Psychological Stress: A Risk Factor for Atherosclerosis

Cited by 5 publications

References 60 publications

Association of Hair Cortisol Concentration with Prevalence of Major Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Allostatic Load

Association of Hair Cortisol Concentration with Prevalence of Major Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Allostatic Load

When myocardial infarction is choosing young victims

Defining the importance of stress reduction in managing cardiovascular disease - the role of exercise

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