Endothelial responses to mechanical stress: Where is the mechanosensor?

Ali, Mir H.; Schumacker, Paul T.

doi:10.1097/00003246-200205001-00005

Cited by 130 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…The connectivity of cells, mediated through cytoskeletal reorganization, was also altered by the presence of glycated albumin and high magnitude shear stress. We could not find a reported study that measured connectivity in this way, but there have been many reports that monitor cytoskeletal dynamics and communication in response to shear loading, which show a general enhancement of the network formation under shearing [37,38]. Combined our data suggests that the presence of glycated albumin (especially irreversibly glycated) and …”

Section: Cytoskeletal Organizationmentioning

confidence: 61%

Glycated Albumin and Pathological Shear Stress Alters Endothelial Cell Thrombogenic Potential, Pro-Inflammatory State and Cytoskeletal Dynamics

Maria¹,

Rubenstein²

2012

J Diabetes Metab

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Section: Cytoskeletal Organizationmentioning

confidence: 61%

Glycated Albumin and Pathological Shear Stress Alters Endothelial Cell Thrombogenic Potential, Pro-Inflammatory State and Cytoskeletal Dynamics

Maria¹,

Rubenstein²

2012

J Diabetes Metab

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“…Vascular endothelial cells line the interior surface of blood vessels and are, hence, directly subjected to the physical forces exerted by the flow of blood and blood pressure (Ali and Schumacker, 2002;Califano and Reinhart-King, 2010). To withstand these forces it is conceivable that they have to be both mechanically robust and, to a certain degree, compliant (Malek and Izumo, 1996;Michiels, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane potential depolarization decreases the stiffness of vascular endothelial cells

Callies

Fels

Liashkovich

et al. 2011

Journal of Cell Science

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The stiffness of vascular endothelial cells is crucial to mechanically withstand blood flow and, at the same time, to control deformation-dependent nitric oxide release. However, the regulation of mechanical stiffness is not yet understood. There is evidence that a possible regulator is the electrical plasma membrane potential difference. Using a novel technique that combines fluorescence-based membrane potential recordings with atomic force microscopy (AFM)-based stiffness measurements, the present study shows that membrane depolarization is associated with a decrease in the stiffness of endothelial cells. Three different depolarization protocols were applied, all of which led to a similar and significant decrease in cell stiffness, independently of changes in cell volume. Moreover, experiments using the actin-destabilizing agent cytochalasin D indicated that depolarization acts by affecting the cortical actin cytoskeleton. A model is proposed whereby a change of the electrical field across the plasma membrane is directly sensed by the submembranous actin network, regulating the actin polymerization:depolymerization ratio and thus cell stiffness. This depolarization-induced decrease in the stiffness of endothelial cells could play a role in flow-mediated nitric-oxide-dependent vasodilation.

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“…Some of them are localized to endothelial compartments and are not directly exposed to flow. It raises the question whether there is a common structure that can connect all these shear stress receptors together [88]. Such structure requires the ability to sense a mechanical force and transmit it to different compartments.…”

Section: The Endothelial Cytoskeletonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular Responses to Shear Stress: The Involvement of Mechanosensors in Endothelial Cells

Ngai¹

2012

TOCVJ

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Shear stress, the frictional drag on the endothelium from blood flow, is a major determinant of vascular physiology and pathology. Due to the pulsatile nature of blood flow, blood vessels are subjected to significant variations in mechanical forces. Endothelial cells situated at the interface between blood and the vessel wall play a crucial role in detecting and responding to the mechanical forces generated by shear stress. Multiple sensing mechanisms are used by endothelial cells to detect changes in mechanical forces, leading to the activation of signaling networks. This review attempts to bring together recent findings on the mechanosensors present in the endothelial cells, and the regulation of endothelium-derived vasoactive autacoid production by shear stress.

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Endothelial responses to mechanical stress: Where is the mechanosensor?

Cited by 130 publications

References 110 publications

Glycated Albumin and Pathological Shear Stress Alters Endothelial Cell Thrombogenic Potential, Pro-Inflammatory State and Cytoskeletal Dynamics

Glycated Albumin and Pathological Shear Stress Alters Endothelial Cell Thrombogenic Potential, Pro-Inflammatory State and Cytoskeletal Dynamics

Membrane potential depolarization decreases the stiffness of vascular endothelial cells

Vascular Responses to Shear Stress: The Involvement of Mechanosensors in Endothelial Cells

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