“…For example, airway ciliated cells obtained from patients with chronic sinusitis, and mice exposed to longterm tobacco gas treatment, exhibited lower CBF compared to those obtained from normal airway epithelia (Simet et al, 2010;Li et al, 2014). Additionally, ciliated cells exposed to extracellular signaling molecules, such as interferon-γ, and interleukin (IL)-13 and -17, during their differentiation process demonstrated altered cilia structure and motility (Laoukili et al, 2001;Pawsey et al, 2011;Jiao et al, 2016). ASCs secrete various growth factors and cytokines, including VEGF, HGF, and IL-10 (Rehman et al, 2004;Zaragosi et al, 2006;Kilroy et al, 2007;Salgado et al, 2010), and the secretome of ASCs is considered beneficial for regeneration of injured tissues by virtue of its paracrine and anti-inflammatory effects (Marfia et al, 2015;Chang et al, 2016).…”