Endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent skin vasoreactivity in the elderly

Rossi, Marco; Cupisti, Adamasco; Mariani, Silvia; Santoro, Gino; Pentimone, F

doi:10.1007/bf03324460

Cited by 34 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…2), which is consistent with previous work (47). However, an attenuated cutaneous blood flow response to SNP administration in older adults has also been reported (2,56).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Cutaneous blood flow during intradermal NO administration in young and older adults: roles for calcium-activated potassium channels and cyclooxygenase?

Fujii

Meade

Brunt

et al. 2016

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Fujii N, Meade RD, Minson CT, Brunt VE, Boulay P, Sigal RJ, Kenny GP. Cutaneous blood flow during intradermal NO administration in young and older adults: roles for calcium-activated potassium channels and cyclooxygenase?. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 310: R1081-R1087, 2016. First published April 13 2016; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00041.2016.-Nitric oxide (NO) increases cutaneous blood flow; however, the underpinning mechanism(s) remains to be elucidated. We hypothesized that the cutaneous blood flow response during intradermal administration of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a NO donor) is regulated by calcium-activated potassium (KCa) channels and cyclooxygenase (COX) in young adults. We also hypothesized that these contributions are diminished in older adults given that aging can downregulate KCa channels and reduce COXderived vasodilator prostanoids. In 10 young (23 Ϯ 5 yr) and 10 older (54 Ϯ 4 yr) adults, cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) was measured at four forearm skin sites infused with 1) Ringer (Control), 2) 50 mM tetraethylammonium (TEA), a nonspecific KCa channel blocker, 3) 10 mM ketorolac, a nonspecific COX inhibitor, or 4) 50 mM TEA ϩ 10 mM ketorolac via intradermal microdialysis. All skin sites were coinfused with incremental doses of SNP (0.005, 0.05, 0.5, 5, and 50 mM each for 25 min). During SNP administration, CVC was similar at the ketorolac site (0.005-50 mM, all P Ͼ 0.05) relative to Control, but lower at the TEA and TEA ϩ ketorolac sites (0.005-0.05 mM, all P Ͻ 0.05) in young adults. In older adults, ketorolac increased CVC relative to Control during 0.005-0.05 mM SNP administration (all P Ͻ 0.05), but this increase was not observed when TEA was coadministered (all P Ͼ 0.05). Furthermore, TEA alone did not modulate CVC during any concentration of SNP administration in older adults (all P Ͼ 0.05). We show that during low-dose NO administration (e.g., 0.005-0.05 mM), KCa channels contribute to cutaneous blood flow regulation in young adults; however, in older adults, COX inhibition increases cutaneous blood flow through a KCa channel-dependent mechanism.aging; smooth muscle cell; endothelial cell; microcirculation; endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors; prostanoids; soluble guanylyl cyclase; nitric oxide synthase NITRIC OXIDE (NO) produced from NO synthase (NOS) contributes to the regulation of cutaneous blood flow during local or whole body heating (15,17,23,24,37,38,40,(51)(52)(53). NO appears to cause vasodilation by directly influencing vascular smooth muscle cells through soluble guanylyl cyclase-dependent signaling cascades (25). Thus exogenous administration of NO donor such as sodium nitroprusside (SNP), for instance, is widely used to assess endothelium-independent vasodilation (i.e., vascular smooth muscle cell function). However, exogenous NO-induced vasodilation may not necessarily reflect endothelium-independent vasodilation since NO can influence other pathways. In line with this, local heating-induced transient cutaneous vasodilation, which is mainly mediated by sen...

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“…2), which is consistent with previous work (47). However, an attenuated cutaneous blood flow response to SNP administration in older adults has also been reported (2,56).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Cutaneous blood flow during intradermal NO administration in young and older adults: roles for calcium-activated potassium channels and cyclooxygenase?

Fujii

Meade

Brunt

et al. 2016

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…In recent years, the cutaneous delivery of substance by skin iontophoresis, in combination with Laser Doppler flowmeter, has been used for evaluating direct local blood flow changes due to the use of substances such as acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside [7,13,15]. More recently this method has also been used to explore the direct effect of insulin on cutaneous blood flow [16,19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The cutaneous microcirculatory flow response to insulin was assessed by Laser Doppler flowmeter (LDF) (Periflux PF4001, standard probe PF408, Perimed, Jarfallan, Sweden) coupled with iontophoresis (Perijont 328, Perimed, Jarfallan, Sweden), a method already used for the evaluation of skin vasodilatory response to acetylcholine and to sodium nitroprussiate [7,13,15].…”

Section: Cutaneous Microcirculatory Response To Insulinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Chronic Aerobic Exercise on Cutaneous Microcirculatory Flow Response to Insulin Iontophoresis and to Ischemia in Elderly Males

Rossi¹,

Santoro²,

Ricco³

et al. 2005

Int J Sports Med

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The aim of this study was to assess whether chronic aerobic exercise can favourably influence the vascular activity of insulin in elderly subjects. We measured in arbitrary units (A. U.) the cutaneous blood flow basally and in response to iontophoresis of insulin, by the means of a Laser Doppler flowmeter, on the right arm of 10 elderly athletes (10 males, aged 65 +/- 6 years) and of 10 sex- and age-matched sedentary subjects. The cutaneous blood flow response to ischemia was also explored in the right leg of the same subjects by means of the same instrument. No significant differences in cutaneous arm and leg blood flow were observed basally between athletes and sedentary subjects (7.25 +/- 2.65 A. U. versus 6.35 +/- 4.04 A. U. and 9.74 +/- 5.11 A. U. versus 9.41 +/- 6.40 A. U., respectively). Cathodal iontophoresis (six poulses of 0.1 mA each for 20 s, with 40-s interval between stimulations) of regular insulin (0.1 ml Humulin R 100 IU/ml diluted 1/10 with 0.9 % saline) induced a significant increase of cutaneous blood flow in both groups (p < 0.01 in athletes, p < 0.01 in sedentary subjects). However the maximal cutaneous blood flow response to insulin was higher in athletes than in sedentary subjects (24.69 +/- 13.34 A. U. versus 14.33 +/- 7.73 A. U., respectively, p < 0.05) as well as the curve of the net blood flux response to insulin iontophoresis (% change from baseline in response to insulin minus % change from baseline in response to saline iontophoresis) (p < 0.001 ANOVA for repeated measures). After ischemia there was a significant increase of leg cutaneous blood flow in both groups (p < 0.001 in athletes and in sedentary subjects) with higher blood flow response in athletes than in sedentary subjects (38.18 +/- 17.08 A. U. versus 26.01 +/- 6.39 A. U., respectively, p < 0.05). The time reached from the release of ischemia to peak-flow was significantly longer in sedentary subjects than in athletes (43.5 +/- 28.5 s versus 20.0 +/- 9.3 s, p < 0.05, respectively). These results suggest that chronic aerobic exercise increases insulin vasodilatory activity and improves endothelial function in elderly subjects.

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“…Despite conflicting evidence regarding the mechanisms by which the drug causes vasodilatation, ACh is commonly delivered iontophoretically to test endothelial function in a variety of clinical conditions, including diabetes (Arora et al, 1998;Cohen et al, 2008;Hannemann et al, 2002;Morris et al, 1995) , hypertension (Cupisti et al, 2000b;Farkas et al, 2004;Kellogg et al, 1998;Monostori et al, 2010), pre-eclampsia (Blaauw et al, 2005;Eneroth-Grimfors et al, 1993;Khan et al, 2005), Raynauds phenomenon (Anderson et al, 1996;Hettema et al, 2009;Khan and Belch, 1999), renal failure (Cupisti et al, 2000a), HIV (Monsuez et al, 2000) and heart failure (Andersson et al, 2005;Balmain et al, 2007). Also, it has been applied to investigate the effects of smoking (Pellaton et al, 2002), age (Rossi et al, 2002a), gender (Algotsson et al, 1995), hyperoxia (Rousseau et al, 2010;Yamazaki, 2007) and exercise (Lenasi and Strucl, 2004;Rossi et al, 2002b). …”

Section: Endothelial Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transdermal iontophoresis as an in-vivo technique for studying microvascular physiology

Tesselaar

Sjöberg

2011

Microvascular Research

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Endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent skin vasoreactivity in the elderly

Abstract: While these results should be viewed as preliminary due to the small sample size, they suggest that aging in itself is associated with a mild endothelium dysfunction in the skin microcirculation, whereas its overall vasodilatory capacity is preserved.

Cited by 34 publications

References 18 publications

Cutaneous blood flow during intradermal NO administration in young and older adults: roles for calcium-activated potassium channels and cyclooxygenase?

Cutaneous blood flow during intradermal NO administration in young and older adults: roles for calcium-activated potassium channels and cyclooxygenase?

Effect of Chronic Aerobic Exercise on Cutaneous Microcirculatory Flow Response to Insulin Iontophoresis and to Ischemia in Elderly Males

Transdermal iontophoresis as an in-vivo technique for studying microvascular physiology

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