Endovascular embolization of varicoceles using n-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) glue.

Abstract

SummaryBackground:Varicoceles are abnormally dilated veins within the pampiniform plexus. They are caused by reflux of blood in the internal spermatic vein. The incidence of varicoceles is approximately 10–15% of the adolescent male population. The etiology of varicoceles is probably multifactorial. The diagnosis is based on Doppler US. Treatment could be endovascular or surgical.The aim of the study was to describe and evaluate a novel method of endovascular embolization of varicoceles using n-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) glue.Material/Methods:17 patients were subjected to endovascular treatment of varicoceles using NBCA. A 2.8 Fr microcatheter and a 1:1 mixture of NBCA and lipiodol were used for embolization of the spermatic vein.Results:All 17 procedures were successful. There were no complications.Discussion:Embolization of varicoceles using NBCA glue is efficient and safe for all patients. The method should be considered as a method of choice in all patients. Phlebography and Valsalva maneuver are crucial for technical success and avoidance of complications.Conclusions:Endovascular treatment of varicoceles using NBCA glue is very effective and safe.

Liquid Embolic Agents for Endovascular Embolization: A Review

“…In 2012, Monsignore et al described a clinical study where they successfully used NBCA as the only embolic agent for arterial embolization of hemorrhagic liver lesions on 8 patients [46]. In 2013, Pietura et al successfully performed a novel method of endovascular embolization of varicoceles using NBCA glue on 17 patients without any complications, indicating that NBCA embolization of varicoceles is efficient and safe [47]. In another study in 2013, Yata et al assessed the clinical utility and safety of transcatheter arterial embolization with NBCA for urgent control of acute arterial bleeding in the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract on 37 patients with a high rate of complete hemostasis and a low recurrent bleeding rate [48].…”

Migration of varicocele coil leading to ureteral obstruction and hydronephrosis: A case report

“…Percutaneous embolization is less expensive and less intrusive than surgical ligation; it just needs local anesthesiology and provides visibility of the interior spermatic vein and any potential collaterals[ 9 , 10 ]. Several embolic materials have been utilized, with coils being the most popular and glue becoming a more popular substitute[ 11 , 12 ].…”

Long-standing hemospermia in a patient with megacava associated to a circumaortic renal vein

“…[ 6 ] There is some evidence in endovascular treatment of varicoceles and hematuria with embolization materials and sclerosants products. [ 11 12 ]…”