Endovascular treatment in Behçet’s disease: an integrative review

Abstract

Behçet’s Disease (BD) is a rare, chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and multisystemic disease. There is no universally described test for confirming diagnosis, so it is made clinically, on the basis of its classic triad of signs: oral ulcers, genital ulcers, and uveitis (inflammation of the uveal tract of the eye). The aim of this study is to evaluate the importance of endovascular treatment in Behçet’s disease. The literature review conducted to achieve this objective covered 30 articles published between 2002 and 2021. Behçet’s Disease affects both the venous and arterial systems. Rupture of aneurysms is the main cause of death and thus requires treatment, which can be clinical, open surgical, or endovascular. Endovascular surgery has been gaining ground for surgical treatment of arterial aneurysms, including those related to BD, although the therapy of choice is still controversial.

Behçet’s Disease: A Radiological Review of Vascular and Parenchymal Pulmonary Involvement

“…However, angiography can be used as a lifesaving method in cases of massive hemoptysis [ 28 ]. Open surgery is an option in the case of non-responding to medical treatment, but the endovascular technique is recommended especially for patients with a high surgical risk [ 29 ]. MRI can detect aneurysms of the aorta and pulmonary arteries ( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ).…”

“…Imaging is fundamental for detecting pulmonary and vascular involvement, especially in the acute phase; moreover, in patients with chronic symptoms, CXR, CT, and MRI exams could also be routinely performed to evaluate the evolution of the inflammatory disease. Patients are treated with medical treatment first, but open surgery is an option in non-responding cases, while the endovascular technique is recommended especially for patients at a high surgical risk [ 29 ]. As already mentioned above, PPAs are characterized by significant mortality and poor short-term survival in the early years [ 44 ].…”