Endovenous Simulated Laser Experiments at 940 nm and 1470 nm Suggest Wavelength-Independent Temperature Profiles

Bos, R.R. van den; Ruijven, Peter W. M. van; Geld, C.W.M. van der; Gemert, Martin J. C. van; Neumann, H. A. Martino; Nijsten, Tamar

doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2012.04.017

Cited by 26 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In a study comparing 30-and 15-W power with a 940-nm diode laser, ablation rates, hyperpigmentation, and paresthesia were higher in the first group. Recanalization has been found to be associated with lower laser power [14]. Our current study revealed that a lower LEED with a 1470-nm laser could produce the same results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…In a study comparing 810 nm with 980 nm, occlusion rates were the same, but there was less pain, bruising, and phlebitis with the latter. In another study comparing 1320-and 940-nm wavelengths, there was no difference in the ablation rates of GSV, but there was significantly less bruising and analgesic use (to relieve pain) in the first group [14]. In addition, longer wavelengths caused lower absorption in the blood, which led to fewer perforations on the vein wall [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Comparing 1470- and 980-nm diode lasers for endovenous ablation treatments

et al. 2015

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The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of 1470- and 980-nm lasers with regard to power output, complications, recanalization rates, and treatment response. We prospectively evaluated the effectiveness of endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) in a total of 152 great and small saphenous veins from 96 patients. Lasers were randomly used based on the availability of the units. Patients were clinically evaluated for Clinical Etiologic Anatomic Pathophysiologic (CEAP) stage and examined with Doppler ultrasound. Treatment response was determined anatomically by occlusion of the vein and clinically by the change in the venous clinical severity score (VCSS). Seventy-eight of the saphenous veins underwent EVLA with a 980-nm laser and 74 underwent EVLA with a 1470-nm laser. Treatment response was (68) 87.2 % in the 980-nm group and (74) 100 % in the 1470-nm group (p = 0.004). The median VCSS decreased from 4 to 2 in the 980-nm group (p < 0.001) and from 8 to 2 (p < 0.001) in the 1470-nm group. At 1-year follow-up, seven veins treated with 980 nm and two veins treated with 1470 nm were recanalized (p = 0.16); the average linear endovenous energy density (LEED) was 83.9 (r, 55-100) J/cm and 58.5 (r, 45-115) J/cm, respectively (p < 0.001). Postoperative minor complications occurred in 23 (29.4 %) limbs in the 980-nm group and in 19 (25.6 %) limbs of the 1470-nm group (p = 0.73). EVLA with the 1470-nm laser have less energy deposition for occlusion and better treatment response.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Comparing 1470- and 980-nm diode lasers for endovenous ablation treatments

et al. 2015

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“…With respect to this, a radial emitting fibre was developed and marketed. Theoretical calculations showed a reduction of the irradiation directly on the tissue surface compared to bare fibre techniques (34,35,43). Thus the irradiation value could be reduced below the ablation threshold of tissue (26)(27)(28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endovenous Laser Application

Sroka¹,

Pongratz²,

Siegrist³

et al. 2013

Phlebologie

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SummaryIntroduction: Endoluminal vein treatment is a promising minimal invasive treatment option for peoples suffering from varicose veins. The basic mechanism underlying this procedure is to selectively induce heat in the vessel wall with the result of denaturation of proteins and shrinkage of collagen fibers due to energy application. So far energy could be applied either as RF-current, laser light or water steam. The different approaches to deliver such forms of energies are described.Methods: Investigations on heat dependent vein tissue effects were performed. The degree of shrinkage and wall thickening due to heat induction was calculated. Tensile test on vein tissue were performed. Investigation using the radial emitting laser fibre in the ox-foot-model under reproducible condition were done and wavelengths dependent tissue reaction were explored.Results: The experiments clearly demonstrate the degree of the shrinkage of length and diameter, the thickening of the vein wall, as well as the decrease of the elasticity of the tissue. The optical irradiation pattern of the radial emitting laser fiber serves for safe and reproducible energy application directly to the vein wall. Using a laser wavelength with high absorption by the tissue water needs reduced irradiation and irradiance compared to wavelengths with less water absorption. Conclusion: An experimental approach to improve laser application for endovenous varicose treatment is described. Laser parameters and treatment parameters were found which are now under clinical testing. The demonstrated tissue effects may help to find further arguments for clinical findings and sensations described by the patients during follow-up.

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“…The results showed that decreasing the pullback speed (2 mm/s) and increasing the power (up to 14 W) both caused higher maximal temperatures. The use of different laser wavelengths (940 or 1470 nm) did not influence the temperature profile (53).…”

Section: The Veinsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Skin, Veins and Legs

Neumann¹

2011

Phlebologie

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SummarySkin, veins and legs are the three ingredients which compose together the symptom complex know as chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). High ambulatory venous pressure is transferred by simple physical laws to the skin microcirculation. The capillaries are not resistant to this high pressure and will leak water, erythrocytes and plasma proteins into the in-terstitium. The result is oedema, pigmentation, sclerosis, inflammation and ulceration. Although many forms of intervention for incompetent veins are available, compression therapy is still the cornerstone in the treatment of CVI. Beside the interface pressure, the stiffness of the compression material is essential. By increasing the stiffness the difference in pressure during walking increases and with this the massage effect of the therapy.Thermo-ablation is the treatment for varicose veins today. Knowledge about the development and transfer of the intravascular heat is essential to understand this treatment. New experiments, specially about steam development from the heat source in the blood are of great importance for the success rate. Fine tuning in those physical parameters is needed to optimally this treatment.

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Endovenous Simulated Laser Experiments at 940 nm and 1470 nm Suggest Wavelength-Independent Temperature Profiles

Abstract: The results of our experiments show that wavelength on its own has not been demonstrated to be an important parameter to influence the temperature profile.

Cited by 26 publications

References 19 publications

Comparing 1470- and 980-nm diode lasers for endovenous ablation treatments

Comparing 1470- and 980-nm diode lasers for endovenous ablation treatments

Endovenous Laser Application

Skin, Veins and Legs

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