Endowment Effect

Hanehalkı Su Tüketimi ve Tarife Yapısı: Türkiye’de Üç Büyükşehir Üzerine Bir Analizi

“…Policymakers aiming for equitable and fair water distribution tend to sell essential goods such as water below the cost (Depoorter, 1999). However, this situation contradicts full-cost pricing, which entails allocating all water service costs to those who consume and pollute water to ensure the continuity of maintenance, repairs, operations, and investment expenses of water organisations (Massarutto, 2007;Zetland & Gasson, 2013).…”

“…For instance, while Germany applies full-cost pricing to 99% and Austria to 93% of their water services (Reynaud et al, 2015), a similar practice in developing countries, such as Jordan, could further complicate the issue for low-income groups facing difficulties in accessing clean water (Klassert et al, 2018). In developing countries, the full-cost rule can be adopted through cross-subsidy practices that involve financing the difference between the price applied to low-income consumers and the cost of the water supply by higher-income individuals (Depoorter, 1999). Full-cost pricing can become an applicable method for developing countries when water tariffs are designed to encompass cross-subsidies.…”

Establishing ecosystems for disruptive innovation by cross-fertilizing entrepreneurship and the arts

“…5 The installation takes inspiration from the startup culture and the issues with the real estate market, it creates a speculative solution, addressing the audience with ambiguity whether this is an artwork or a de facto venture. In a similar fashion artists take on the block chain technology and cryptocurrencies, as in the works of Sašo Sedlaček's work Om for Coin (2019-2021) 6 and BITTERCOIN -The worst miner ever (2016), 7 or further their resemblance to real products with works like Quick Fix 8 and Vending Private Network (Oliver and Vasiliev 2018), both taking the form of a vending-machine servicing goods more akin to the 21st century: in these cases artistic objects operate much like regular vending machines, blurring the line between art and regular daily transactions even further. For the present article, the fascinating aspect of these artists' conceptual approach is how close their research-based, artistic and scientific introspections can be to actual (product, i.e.…”

“…This venture served a dual purpose and evoked both contexts, being exhibited as an artwork and a market product. In a similar manner the work Offshore Matters 10 has taken an artist intervention further into selling clothing in conjunction with protesting against and revealing the immoral nature of tax havens.…”