Endurance Exercise and the Regulation of Visceral and Cutaneous Blood Flow

Johnson, John M.

doi:10.1002/9780470694930.ch8

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 97 publications

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“…Mucosal blood flow may be compromised either by an accumulation of the vasoconstrictor endothelin caused by the administration of NSAIDs (see Sect. 4.4) [51], or by the visceral ischaemia associated with prolonged endurance exercise [52]. With an extreme challenge, such as completion of an ultra-triathlon, the reduction of local blood flow can be severe enough to damage the integrity of the gastrointestinal endothelium, with plasma antibodies signalling the absorption of intestinal endotoxins [53]; however, an adverse effect on endothelial function is unlikely unless prolonged exercise is undertaken at an intensity [75 % of maximal oxygen intake.…”

Section: Mucosal Blood Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptic Ulcer and Exercise

Shephard

2016

Sports Med

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Relationships between peptic ulcer and physical activity have as yet received little attention. The prevalence of ulceration is high in racehorses and sled dogs, particularly during periods of competition. In humans, some occupational comparisons show an increased risk among manual workers, but it remains difficult to separate effects of work-related activity from social class and attendant influences of smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, shift work, and other stressors. Two studies of leisure activity point to some benefit from moderate physical activity, one finding a reduced risk of gastric ulcers and the other finding no effect on gastric ulcers but a reduced risk of duodenal ulcers in men only. Moderate physical activity could have a favorable impact on a number of risk factors for peptic ulceration. It could reduce gastric secretions and enhance immune function, with the latter reducing the risk of Helicobacter pylori infection. Moderate activity might also reduce anxiety and encourage the adoption of a healthy lifestyle, with avoidance of smoking and an excessive consumption of alcohol. However, prolonged endurance exercise seems likely to have a negative impact, suppressing immune function, reducing mucosal blood flow, and calling for frequent administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). As with other aspects of exercise medicine, there may be a J-shaped relationship between dose and response. Limited human observations suggest a favourable response to bouts of moderate leisure activity but little benefit from heavy occupational activity and, in some animal studies, negative effects at high volumes and intensities of exercise. Further research is recommended to confirm the nature of this relationship, clarify the location of any nadir of risk for various classes of individual, and to explore mechanisms and antidotes.

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Section: Mucosal Blood Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptic Ulcer and Exercise

Shephard

2016

Sports Med

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Heat Production and Storage Are Positively Correlated With Measures of Body Size/Composition and Heart Rate Drift During Vigorous Running

Buresh

Berg

Noble

2005

Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport

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The purposes of this study were to determine the relationships between: (a) measures of body size/composition and heat production/storage, and (b) heat production/storage and heart rate (HR) drift during running at 95% of the velocity that elicited lactate threshold, which was determined for 20 healthy recreational male runners. Subsequently, changes in skin and tympanic temperatures associated with a vigorous 20-min run, HR, and VO2 data were recorded. It was found that heat production was significantly correlated with body mass (r = .687), lean mass (r = .749), and body surface area (BSA, r = .699). Heat storage was significantly correlated with body mass (r = .519), fat mass (r = .464), and BSA (r = .498). The percentage of produced heat stored was significantly correlated with body mass (r = .427), fat mass (r = .455), and BSA (r = .414). Regression analysis showed that the sum of body mass, percentage of body fat, BSA, lean mass, and fat mass accounted for 30% of the variability in heat storage. It was also found that HR drift was significantly correlated with heat storage (r = .383), percentage of produced heat stored (r = .433), and core temperature change (r = .450). It was concluded that heavier runners experienced greater heat production, heat storage, and core temperature increases than lighter runners during vigorous running.

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Endurance Exercise and the Regulation of Visceral and Cutaneous Blood Flow

Cited by 2 publications

References 97 publications

Peptic Ulcer and Exercise

Peptic Ulcer and Exercise

Heat Production and Storage Are Positively Correlated With Measures of Body Size/Composition and Heart Rate Drift During Vigorous Running

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