Endurance exercise is a leptin signaling mimetic in hypothalamus of Wistar rats

Zhao, Jiexiu; Tian, Ye; Xu, Jincheng; Liu, Dongsen; Wang, Xiaofang; Zhao, Binxiu

doi:10.1186/1476-511x-10-225

Cited by 37 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…Changes in leptin and insulin levels contribute to the complex regulation of food intake (23,24) and exercise is known to reduce leptin and insulin contributing to the modulation of energy homeostasis (15,25). Recent work has led to the proposal that physical activity favours the peripheral action of leptin through an increased central sensitivity (15) and this may promote a thermogenic effect, explaining the reduction that we observed in WAT depots.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

The Beneficial Effects of Early Short‐Term Exercise in the Offspring of Obese Mothers are Accompanied by Alterations in the Hypothalamic Gene Expression of Appetite Regulators and FTO (Fat Mass and Obesity Associated) Gene

Caruso

Bahari

Morris

2013

J Neuroendocrinology

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Maternal overnutrition is implicated in the development of adult metabolic disease, and has been shown to alter the expression of genes involved in energy homeostasis. In the present study, we aimed to test whether a short period of voluntary exercise, followed by a sedentary period, would regulate hypothalamic markers involved in appetite. Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either normal chow or high-fat diet (HFD) ad lib. for 5 weeks, mated and continued on their assigned diet during gestation/lactation. At weaning males, were separated into chow or HFD groups; half were exercised (running wheels), whereas the remainder were sedentary. At week 10, wheels were removed and rats remained sedentary for 5 weeks, prior to tissue collection. Maternal obesity increased offspring adiposity at 15 weeks and this was exacerbated by postnatal HFD (P < 0.05). Body weight and fat mass were reduced in offspring of obese mothers if they exercised, and this was maintained even after 5 weeks without exercise. At 15 weeks, fasting plasma insulin, leptin and triglyceride concentrations were significantly reduced by exercise in offspring of lean and obese mothers consuming chow, with little benefit in those consuming HFD. Hypothalamic mRNA expression of pro-opiomelanocortin was increased by exercise but only in offspring of lean mothers. Exercise reduced hypothalamic FTO (fat mass and obesity associated) mRNA in offspring of lean dams regardless of diet. A short period of exercise early in life had lasting beneficial effects on body weight, adiposity and hormone profile of male offspring from obese and lean dams, despite being followed by a period of inactivity. The effects of exercise on hypothalamic appetite regulators were more marked in offspring of lean dams.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

The Beneficial Effects of Early Short‐Term Exercise in the Offspring of Obese Mothers are Accompanied by Alterations in the Hypothalamic Gene Expression of Appetite Regulators and FTO (Fat Mass and Obesity Associated) Gene

Caruso

Bahari

Morris

2013

J Neuroendocrinology

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“…Interestingly, we previously found that deletion of Foxo1 in the VMH increases SF-1 mRNA levels in the hypothalamus (Kim et al, 2012), suggesting that PI3K signaling regulates SF-1 expression levels in the VMH in vivo. While studies suggest that exercise can activate PI3K signaling in the hypothalamus after exercise training (Chiarreotto-Ropelle et al, 2013; Zhao et al, 2011), it remains unclear whether this occurs specifically in SF-1 neurons. Exercise training also increases several neurotrophic factors in the hippocampus, including BDNF, which activate the PI3K signaling pathway (Cotman et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SF-1 expression in the hypothalamus is required for beneficial metabolic effects of exercise

Fujikawa

Castorena

Pearson

et al. 2016

eLife

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Exercise has numerous beneficial metabolic effects. The central nervous system (CNS) is critical for regulating energy balance and coordinating whole body metabolism. However, a role for the CNS in the regulation of metabolism in the context of the exercise remains less clear. Here, using genetically engineered mice we assessed the requirement of steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1) expression in neurons of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH) in mediating the beneficial effects of exercise on metabolism. We found that VMH-specific deletion of SF-1 blunts (a) the reductions in fat mass, (b) improvements in glycemia, and (c) increases in energy expenditure that are associated with exercise training. Unexpectedly, we found that SF-1 deletion in the VMH attenuates metabolic responses of skeletal muscle to exercise, including induction of PGC-1α expression. Collectively, this evidence suggests that SF-1 expression in VMH neurons is required for the beneficial effects of exercise on metabolism.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.18206.001

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“…The treadmill was equipped with an electric-shock grid on the rear barrier to provide exercise motivation. Animals in the E group began treadmill running at 30 m/min with a 0% grade for 1 min/bout in accordance with our previous study of endurance training animal models [35]. Running time was gradually increased by 2 min/bout every day during the 1st-5th weeks and the 8th-11th weeks and to 2 bouts/day during the 3rd-11th weeks to reach 254 min/day for the final week.…”

Section: Animals Protocols and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 88%

Mechanism of endurance training-induced erythrocyte deformability in rats involves erythropoiesis

Zhao

Tian

Cao

et al. 2013

Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation

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Higher erythrocyte deformability may reduce the risk of circulatory diseases by enhancing oxygen delivery and reducing the load on the cardiovascular system. The effect of endurance training on erythrocyte deformability is not clear. This study explored the impact of endurance training on erythrocyte deformation and shape and investigated the underlying mechanisms of hemorheological alterations. Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: sedentary (S; n = 21) and exercised (E; n = 19). Hematological indices and erythrocyte shape were measured at the end of the 11th week. The gene expression of erythropoietin (Epo) and the Epo receptor (EpoR) was quantified using reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR), and Epo protein expression was analyzed using Western blotting. Endurance training significantly decreased the abnormality ratio of erythrocyte shape (P < 0.01). The deformability indicator (DI) of red blood cells was lower in the E group than in the S group (P < 0.01). Eleven weeks of endurance training increased Epo mRNA and protein expression in the kidney (P < 0.01), EpoR mRNA expression in the bone marrow (P < 0.05), and relative circulating Epo (P < 0.01) compared to the sedentary group. The decrease in the erythrocyte morphological index and the maximum of deformability indicator were associated with an increase in relative circulating Epo. In conclusion, 11 weeks of endurance training increased erythrocyte deformability. Epo and EpoR may contribute to the decreased morphological index and deformability indicator in erythrocytes during endurance training in rats.

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Endurance exercise is a leptin signaling mimetic in hypothalamus of Wistar rats

Cited by 37 publications

References 56 publications

The Beneficial Effects of Early Short‐Term Exercise in the Offspring of Obese Mothers are Accompanied by Alterations in the Hypothalamic Gene Expression of Appetite Regulators and FTO (Fat Mass and Obesity Associated) Gene

The Beneficial Effects of Early Short‐Term Exercise in the Offspring of Obese Mothers are Accompanied by Alterations in the Hypothalamic Gene Expression of Appetite Regulators and FTO (Fat Mass and Obesity Associated) Gene

SF-1 expression in the hypothalamus is required for beneficial metabolic effects of exercise

Mechanism of endurance training-induced erythrocyte deformability in rats involves erythropoiesis

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