Endurance training blocks uncoupling protein 1 up-regulation in brown adipose tissue while increasing uncoupling protein 3 in the muscle tissue of rats fed with a high-sugar diet

Queiroz, Karina Barbosa de; Rodovalho, Gisele Vieira; Guimarães, Juliana Bohnen; Lima, Daniel Carvalho de; Coimbra, Cândido Celso; Evangelista, Elísio Alberto; Guerra‐Sá, Renata

doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2012.06.020

Cited by 29 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…The high-sugar diet consisted of 33% standard chow (Nuvilab®CR1; Nuvital, Brazil), 33% condensed milk and 7% sucrose by weight (the remaining is water; de Queiroz et al, 2012). The energy density was 12.26 kJ/g for the standard chow diet and 13.35 kJ/g for the high-sugar diet.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Obesity, Inflammation, and Exercise Training: Relative Contribution of iNOS and eNOS in the Modulation of Vascular Function in the Mouse Aorta

et al. 2016

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Background: The understanding of obsesity-related vascular dysfunction remains controversial mainly because of the diseases associated with vascular injury. Exercise training is known to prevent vascular dysfunction. Using an obesity model without comorbidities, we aimed at investigating the underlying mechanism of vascular dysfunction and how exercise interferes with this process.Methods: High-sugar diet was used to induce obesity in mice. Exercise training was performed 5 days/week. Body weight, energy intake, and adipose tissues were assessed; blood metabolic and hormonal parameters were determined; and serum TNFα was measured. Blood pressure and heart rate were assessed by plethysmography. Changes in aortic isometric tension were recorded on myograph. Western blot was used to analyze protein expression. Nitric oxide (NO) was evaluated using fluorescence microscopy. Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides were used for inducible nitric oxide synthase isoform (iNOS) knockdown.Results: Body weight, fat mass, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol fraction, insulin, and leptin were higher in the sedentary obese group (SD) than in the sedentary control animals (SS). Exercise training prevented these changes. No difference in glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, blood pressure, and heart rate was found. Decreased vascular relaxation and reduced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) functioning in the SD group were prevented by exercise. Contractile response to phenylephrine was decreased in the aortas of the wild SD mice, compared with that of the SS group; however, no alteration was noted in the SD iNOS−/− animals. The decreased contractility was endothelium-dependent, and was reverted by iNOS inhibition or iNOS silencing. The aortas from the SD group showed increased basal NO production, serum TNFα, TNF receptor-1, and phospho-IκB. Exercise training attenuated iNOS-dependent reduction in contractile response in high-sugar diet–fed animals, decreased iNOS expression, and increased eNOS expression.Conclusion: Obesity caused endothelium dysfunction, TNFα, and iNOS pathway up-regulation, decreasing vascular contractility in the obese animals. Exercise training was an effective therapy to control iNOS-dependent NO production and to preserve endothelial function in obese individuals.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The energy intake was measured as follows: amount of food intake × energy density of the diets (de Queiroz et al, 2012). The animals were euthanized under fed conditions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity, Inflammation, and Exercise Training: Relative Contribution of iNOS and eNOS in the Modulation of Vascular Function in the Mouse Aorta

et al. 2016

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“…Previous studies performed by our group demonstrated that rats fed an HSD and subjected to running training for an 8-week period had the relationship between the Ucp1 / Ucp3 mRNA levels impaired. This change may result in lower energy efficiency and may also explain the increase in the adipose index observed in these animals because exercise training blocked the HSD-induced up-regulation of UCP1 expression in iBAT and up-regulated the Ucp3 mRNA levels in muscle tissues [28]. Thus, the hypothesis examined in this study was that exercise does not attenuate the effects of an HSD on fat cell size and lipid content, and the mechanism of action involved in this process is mediated by leptin through its receptors in adipocytes, which involves the regulation of the TAG synthesis and storage/lipolysis pathways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The retroperitoneal fat pad was chosen because it is one of the major sites of leptin production in rodents [29], and it may be related to the metabolic complications of obesity [30]. Furthermore, the retroperitoneal fat pad is very responsive to diet interventions [28, 31]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endurance Training Increases Leptin Expression in the Retroperitoneal Adipose Tissue of Rats Fed with a High‐Sugar Diet

Queiroz

Guimarães

Coimbra

et al. 2013

Lipids

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The presence of leptin receptors in white adipose tissue (WAT) suggests a type of peripheral control during the development of obesity and other metabolic disorders. Both diet composition and exercise influence serum leptin; however, the effect of their combination on long-term WAT leptin metabolism is unknown. In this study, rats fed with standard or high-sugar diets (HSD) were simultaneously subjected to running training for 4- and 8-week periods, and the retroperitoneal WAT (rWAT) was evaluated for adipocyte cell size, lipid and catecholamine content, Lep, OB-Rb and Ucp2 mRNA transcription levels, and circulating leptin and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA). The HSD groups displayed a higher adiposity index and rWAT weight, Lep mRNA and protein upregulation, and a period-dependent effect on OB-Rb mRNA expression. Exercise decreased serum leptin and upregulated the OB-Rb mRNA levels. However, in rats fed with an HSD, the increase in OB-Rb mRNA and reduction in catecholamine levels resulted in a high level of adiposity and hyperleptinemia. The combination of training and an HSD decreases the NEFA levels and upregulating the Ucp2 mRNA expression in the 4-week period, while downregulating the Ucp2 mRNA expression in the 8-week period without changing the NEFA levels. Our results suggest that an HSD induces an increase in leptin expression in rWAT, while reducing adipocytes via leptin-mediated lipolysis after an 8-week period. In exercised rats fed an HSD, TAG synthesis and storage overlaps with lipolysis, promoting fat store development and Lep mRNA and plasma protein upregulation in adult rats.

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“…It is defined as an adaption to defend against cold and maintain body temperature via the uncoupling of protein 1, in contrast to the function of white adipocytes, which is to store energy [23]. Previous reports also show that training enhances the regulation of Ucp1/Ucp3 mRNA, which could result in higher energy efficiency [6]. In the current study, ET+CCP treatment may induce an increased activation when compared to treatment with ET and result in a marked elevation in BAT weight, which leads to better metabolic or energy efficiency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<i>Cornu cervi pantotrichum</i> supplementation improves physiological adaptions during intensive endurance training

Huang

Chuang

et al. 2017

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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Cornu cervi pantotrichum (CCP), used in traditional Chinese medicine, is a well-known yang-invigorating agent with multifunctional bioactivities. We previously showed, through an acute exercise challenge, that short-term CCP supplementation improved physical activities and fatigue-associated biochemical indices. Questions about the long-term effects of CCP treatment on exercise performance and physical fatigue, as well as safety, with intensive exercise training need further research. ICR-strain mice were randomly assigned to three groups: (1) sedentary control and vehicle treatment (SC); (2) exercise training with vehicle treatment (ET); and (3) ET with CCP treatment at 4,108 mg/kg/day (ET+CCP). We assessed the physical performance, body compositions, and serum levels of lactate, ammonia, glucose and creatine kinase (CK) after an acute exercise challenge. The ET and ET+CCP groups had significantly increased grip strength and endurance swimming time, and decreased serum lactate and ammonia levels after the acute exercise challenge than the SC group. Moreover, serum ammonia and CK levels in the ET+CCP group were significantly decreased when compared to that of the ET only group. In regard to the body composition, the ET+CCP group inhibits the decrease in fat tissue, and related biochemical changes induced by the high intensity endurance training CCP supplementation combined with high-intensity endurance exercise could significantly improve the physiological adaptions related to fatigue or energy consumption and maintain the fat composition when compared to treatment with training only. Therefore, CCP may potentially improve the physiological adaptions in intensive exercise training.

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Endurance training blocks uncoupling protein 1 up-regulation in brown adipose tissue while increasing uncoupling protein 3 in the muscle tissue of rats fed with a high-sugar diet

Cited by 29 publications

References 87 publications

Obesity, Inflammation, and Exercise Training: Relative Contribution of iNOS and eNOS in the Modulation of Vascular Function in the Mouse Aorta

Obesity, Inflammation, and Exercise Training: Relative Contribution of iNOS and eNOS in the Modulation of Vascular Function in the Mouse Aorta

Endurance Training Increases Leptin Expression in the Retroperitoneal Adipose Tissue of Rats Fed with a High‐Sugar Diet

<i>Cornu cervi pantotrichum</i> supplementation improves physiological adaptions during intensive endurance training

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