The acidity of the parent 1H‐benz[f]indene (1a), 1H‐benz[e]indene (2a), 1H‐benz[fg]acenaphthylene (3a) and 1H‐cyclopenta[l]phenanthrene (4a) and of their polycyano derivatives is examined in the gas phase and in DMSO by the DFT‐B3LYP methods. It is shown that the parent hydrocarbons exhibit modest acidities, whereas a dramatic increase in acidity is observed upon multiple cyanation leading to hyperstrong neutral organic superacids. It is found that polycyano derivatives undergo prototropic tautomerism with a consequence that the most stable tautomer contains a ketene imine C=C=NH functionality. The origin of their highly pronounced acidity is identified as a very strong anionic resonance effect efficiently assisted by a large number of CN groups in a concerted manner. It is stressed that the polycyanated anions are very stable and have a highly dispersed negative charge, which should lead to a low nucleophilicity and weak coordinating properties, thus making them potentially very useful in academic research and technological applications. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)