Energetic ion dynamics near Callisto

Liuzzo, Lucas; Simon, Sven; Regoli, Leonardo

doi:10.1016/j.pss.2018.07.014

Cited by 32 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The electric field outside of Europa is obtained from

{\underline{E}}_{0} = - {\underline{U}}_{0} \times \underline{B}

, where

{\underline{U}}_{0}

again represents the undisturbed corotational flow velocity but

\underline{B}

denotes the superposition of the magnetospheric background field

{\underline{B}}_{0}

and the induced dipole field. Analogous to our companion Callisto study (Liuzzo et al, ), this setup allows to constrain the contribution of the static, induced dipole field to energetic ion dynamics near Europa. However, we also note that at Callisto, the superposition of the magnetospheric background field and the induced dipole is already sufficient to explain Galileo magnetic field observations from flybys that occurred at large distances to the Jovian current sheet, such as C3 and C9 (e.g., Kivelson et al, ; Liuzzo et al, ).…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These authors found that Callisto's induced dipole causes energetic ion impacts to cluster in the two regions where the superposition of the induced dipole and the magnetospheric field is perpendicular to the moon's surface. Liuzzo et al () also demonstrated that the field perturbations generated by the interaction between Callisto's ionosphere/induced dipole and Jupiter's thermal magnetospheric plasma drastically alter the precipitation pattern of the energetic ions. Especially, they found that the “protection” of Callisto's surface by the ramside magnetic pileup region and the Alfvén wings almost completely shields the moon's ramside hemisphere (between 180°W and 360°W longitude) from energetic ion impacts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Especially, they found that the “protection” of Callisto's surface by the ramside magnetic pileup region and the Alfvén wings almost completely shields the moon's ramside hemisphere (between 180°W and 360°W longitude) from energetic ion impacts. The perturbed electromagnetic fields also give rise to complex fine structures in the precipitation pattern that do not occur without plasma currents (see, e.g., Figure 10 of Liuzzo et al, ). The conclusions of Liuzzo et al () are consistent with the findings of Roussos et al (), Krupp et al (), Kotova et al (), and Regoli et al (), who constrained the contribution of the thermal/Alfvénic plasma interaction to energetic particle deflection at Saturn's moons Dione, Rhea, and Titan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite their importance at Ganymede (Fatemi et al, ; Poppe et al, ) and Callisto (Liuzzo et al, ), there is so far no model available that considers the influence of plasma interaction currents near Europa on energetic ion dynamics. In particular, the most advanced model currently available (Cassidy et al, ) completely neglects the magnetic field perturbations due to flow deflection around the moon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our modeling study is based on a combination of the electromagnetic field output from an established hybrid model (Arnold et al, ) and a particle tracing tool (Liuzzo et al, ) for the energetic magnetospheric ions. This paper is organized as follows: In section we introduce the hybrid simulation code AIKEF (Arnold et al, ; Müller et al, ) and the particle tracing code GENTOo (Liuzzo et al, ) that are applied to study energetic ion precipitation onto Europa. We also introduce a series of model scenarios that allow to systematically constrain the influence of the various sources of field perturbations near Europa on the ion precipitation patterns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energetic Ion Dynamics in the Perturbed Electromagnetic Fields Near Europa

et al. 2019

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We model the dynamics of energetic magnetospheric ions in the perturbed electromagnetic fields near Jupiter's moon Europa. The inhomogeneities in the fields near Europa are generated by the induced dipole field from the moon's subsurface ocean as well as the Alfvénic plasma interaction with its ionosphere and induced field. Inhomogeneities in Europa's ionosphere at various length scales generate substantial asymmetries in the mass loading process that further complicate the structure of the moon's electromagnetic environment. In our study, the electromagnetic fields near Europa are obtained from an established hybrid model, whereas a particle tracing tool is applied to analyze the precipitation of the three most abundant energetic ion species (hydrogen, oxygen, and sulfur) onto the moon's surface at various energies from 1 keV up to 5 MeV. To isolate the contributions of the induced dipole and ionospheric mass loading to the field perturbations and the resulting precipitation patterns, we consider multiple field configurations of successively increasing complexity. For ion energies in the kiloelectron volt regime, magnetic field line draping effectively shields large portions of Europa's surface against energetic ion impacts and drastically alters the shape of the precipitation patterns, compared to uniform fields. The fine structure of these patterns strongly depends on the complexity of the applied ionosphere model. Only in the megaelectron volt regime, the precipitation patterns are qualitatively similar for uniform and draped fields. However, the precipitation of megaelectron volt ions onto Europa is still not homogeneous, since the strong magnetospheric field keeps ion gyroradii much smaller than the moon's radius.

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“…The electric field outside of Europa is obtained from

{\underline{E}}_{0} = - {\underline{U}}_{0} \times \underline{B}

, where

{\underline{U}}_{0}

again represents the undisturbed corotational flow velocity but

\underline{B}

denotes the superposition of the magnetospheric background field

{\underline{B}}_{0}

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energetic Ion Dynamics in the Perturbed Electromagnetic Fields Near Europa

et al. 2019

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One‐pot synthesis, thermal analysis, and density functional theory study of methyl urotropine perchlorate

Zhao,

Cao,

Chen

et al. 2023

J of Physical Organic Chem

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An energetic material methyl urotropine perchlorate (MUTP) was synthesized from urotropine, perchloric acid, and triethylenediamine. The single crystal structure of the energetic salt was characterized by X‐ray single crystal diffractometer. The results show that the single crystal of MUTP is an orthogonal crystal system with Pnma space group. The thermal decomposition process of MUTP was studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technology. There were two exothermic peaks in TGA and DSC test, and the peak temperatures (Tp) were 261.61°C and 366.75°C, respectively. The thermal stability of MUTP was up to 247.10°C. Geometric optimization, frontier molecular orbitals, electrostatic potential (ESP), and weak interaction were explored by density functional theory using Gaussian 16. It is found that MUTP has a large energy gap (5.94 eV), which is larger than that of HMX (5.84 eV). The results of reduced density gradient method show that there are dense hydrogen bond interactions in MUTP with high electron density and intensity. In addition, a strong spatial repulsion is formed at the center of the cage.

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Characterization of the Surfaces and Near-Surface Atmospheres of Ganymede, Europa and Callisto by JUICE

Tosi,

Roatsch,

Galli

et al. 2024

Space Sci Rev

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We present the state of the art on the study of surfaces and tenuous atmospheres of the icy Galilean satellites Ganymede, Europa and Callisto, from past and ongoing space exploration conducted with several spacecraft to recent telescopic observations, and we show how the ESA JUICE mission plans to explore these surfaces and atmospheres in detail with its scientific payload. The surface geology of the moons is the main evidence of their evolution and reflects the internal heating provided by tidal interactions. Surface composition is the result of endogenous and exogenous processes, with the former providing valuable information about the potential composition of shallow subsurface liquid pockets, possibly connected to deeper oceans. Finally, the icy Galilean moons have tenuous atmospheres that arise from charged particle sputtering affecting their surfaces. In the case of Europa, plumes of water vapour have also been reported, whose phenomenology at present is poorly understood and requires future close exploration. In the three main sections of the article, we discuss these topics, highlighting the key scientific objectives and investigations to be achieved by JUICE. Based on a recent predicted trajectory, we also show potential coverage maps and other examples of reference measurements. The scientific discussion and observation planning presented here are the outcome of the JUICE Working Group 2 (WG2): “Surfaces and Near-surface Exospheres of the Satellites, dust and rings”.

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Energetic ion dynamics near Callisto

Cited by 32 publications

References 47 publications

Energetic Ion Dynamics in the Perturbed Electromagnetic Fields Near Europa

Energetic Ion Dynamics in the Perturbed Electromagnetic Fields Near Europa

One‐pot synthesis, thermal analysis, and density functional theory study of methyl urotropine perchlorate

Characterization of the Surfaces and Near-Surface Atmospheres of Ganymede, Europa and Callisto by JUICE

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