Energetics and the immune system: Trade-offs associated with non-acute levels of CRP in adolescent Gambian girls.

Shattuck‐Heidorn, Heather; Reiches, Meredith W.; Prentice, Andrew M.; Moore, Sophie E.; Ellison, Peter T.

doi:10.1093/emph/eow034

Cited by 24 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Whilst the energy costs of innate immunity are spread throughout the lifetime 189,190 the adaptive immune system has high upfront but lower running energy costs. Thymic involution conserves energy when sufficient naïve T-cells have been generated 189 , facilitating the metabolic demands of the adolescent growth spurt and secondary sexual development 191 , but leaving the elderly more vulnerable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic analysis of infectious disease outcomes by age shows lowest severity in school-age children

Glynn

Moss

2020

Sci Data

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The COVID-19 pandemic has ignited interest in age-specific manifestations of infection but surprisingly little is known about relative severity of infectious disease between the extremes of age. In a systematic analysis we identified 142 datasets with information on severity of disease by age for 32 different infectious diseases, 19 viral and 13 bacterial. For almost all infections, school-age children have the least severe disease, and severity starts to rise long before old age. Indeed, for many infections even young adults have more severe disease than children, and dengue was the only infection that was most severe in school-age children. Together with data on vaccine response in children and young adults, the findings suggest peak immune function is reached around 5–14 years of age. Relative immune senescence may begin much earlier than assumed, before accelerating in older age groups. This has major implications for understanding resilience to infection, optimal vaccine scheduling, and appropriate health protection policies across the life course.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic analysis of infectious disease outcomes by age shows lowest severity in school-age children

Glynn

Moss

2020

Sci Data

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“…During winter, haemocytes participate less in the fight against pathogens than during the summer season. As one of the main reasons, the high energetic costs of haemocytes maintenance was identified in various organisms [55,56,57], which requires many resources that are subdued in winter. Moreover, many authors described that the number of haemocytes in circulation depends on age of the honey bee, and the strong reduction in haemocyte numbers was observed in old bees [24,25,29,30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Year of the Honey Bee (Apis mellifera L.) with Respect to Its Physiology and Immunity: A Search for Biochemical Markers of Longevity

Kunc

Hurychová

Vojtek

et al. 2019

Insects

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It has been known for many years that in temperate climates the European honey bee, Apis mellifera, exists in the form of two distinct populations within the year, short-living summer bees and long-living winter bees. However, there is only limited knowledge about the basic biochemical markers of winter and summer populations as yet. Nevertheless, the distinction between these two kinds of bees is becoming increasingly important as it can help beekeepers to estimate proportion of long-living bees in hives and therefore in part predict success of overwintering. To identify markers of winter generations, we employed the continuous long-term monitoring of a single honey bee colony for almost two years, which included measurements of physiological and immunological parameters. The results showed that the total concentration of proteins, the level of vitellogenin, and the antibacterial activity of haemolymph are the best three of all followed parameters that are related to honey bee longevity and can therefore be used as its markers.

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“…A reduction in neovascularization and inflammation in the mesenteric fat stores may allow for improvements in weight gain. Inflammation is an energetically expensive process and is negatively associated with growth in humans [32], and pigs [33]; thus, cattle with a reduction in the production of cytokines may be able to devote more energy towards gain.…”

Section: Genes/pathways Identified For Gainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genes associated with body weight gain and feed intake identified by meta-analysis of the mesenteric fat from crossbred beef steers

et al. 2020

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Mesenteric fat is a visceral fat depot that increases with cattle maturity and can be influenced by diet. There may be a relationship between the accumulation of mesenteric fat and feed efficiency in beef cattle. The purpose of this study was to identify genes that may be differentially expressed in steers with high and low BW gain and feed intake. RNA-Seq was used to evaluate the transcript abundance of genes in the mesenteric fat from a total of 78 steers collected over 5 different cohorts. A meta-analysis was used to identify genes involved with gain, feed intake or the interaction of both phenotypes. The interaction analysis identified 11 genes as differentially expressed. For the main effect of gain, a total of 87 differentially expressed genes (DEG) were identified (P ADJ <0.05), and 24 were identified in the analysis for feed intake. Genes identified for gain were involved in functions and pathways including lipid metabolism, stress response/protein folding, cell proliferation/growth, axon guidance and inflammation. The genes for feed intake did not cluster into pathways, but some of the DEG for intake had functions related to inflammation, immunity, and/or signal transduction (JCHAIN, RIPK1, LY86, SPP1, LYZ, CD5, CD53, SRPX, and NF2). At P ADJ <0.1, only 4 genes (OLFML3, LOC100300716, MRPL15, and PUS10) were identified as differentially expressed in two or more cohorts, highlighting the importance of evaluating the transcriptome of more than one group of animals and incorporating a meta-analysis. This meta-analysis has produced many mesenteric fat DEG that may be contributing to gain and feed intake in cattle. OPEN ACCESSCitation: Lindholm-Perry AK, Freetly HC, Oliver WT, Rempel LA, Keel BN (2020) Genes associated with body weight gain and feed intake identified by meta-analysis of the mesenteric fat from crossbred beef steers. PLoS ONE 15(1): e0227154. https://

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Energetics and the immune system: Trade-offs associated with non-acute levels of CRP in adolescent Gambian girls.

Abstract: How sensitive is the immune system to energetics? We find that Gambian adolescent girls who have high growth velocity invest less in non-acute immune function, and that there may be a non-pathological relationship between adipose tissue and innate immune function.

Cited by 24 publications

References 56 publications

Systematic analysis of infectious disease outcomes by age shows lowest severity in school-age children

Systematic analysis of infectious disease outcomes by age shows lowest severity in school-age children

The Year of the Honey Bee (Apis mellifera L.) with Respect to Its Physiology and Immunity: A Search for Biochemical Markers of Longevity

Genes associated with body weight gain and feed intake identified by meta-analysis of the mesenteric fat from crossbred beef steers

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