Energetics of male field-sport athletes during the 3-min all-out test for linear and shuttle-based running

Kramer, Mark R.; Randt, Rosa du; Watson, Mark; Pettitt, Robert W.

doi:10.1007/s00421-018-4047-0

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…maximal speed attained during the 3MT (MS 3MT ), fatigue index, functional speed reserve, etc.) [9][10][11][12][13][14]. Although research on the CS concept has clearly shown that a range of interventions can predictably Application of the Force-velocity-power Concept to the 3-min allout Running Test increase CS [13,15,16], the same cannot be said for D' where predictable changes remain much more elusive [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of the Force-velocity-power Concept to the 3-min all-out Running Test

2022

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Force-velocity-power (FVP) profiling offers insights related to key factors that may enhance or hinder sprinting performances. Whether the same FVP principles could be applied to the sprinting portion of the 3-minute all-out test for running (3MT) has not been previously investigated. Twenty moderately trained participants volunteered for the study (age: 24.75 ± 3.58 yrs; height: 1.69±0.11 m; mass: 73.74±12.26 kg). After familiarization of all testing procedures, participants completed: (i) a 40-m all-out sprint test, and (ii) a 3MT. Theoretical maximal force and power, but not velocity, were significantly higher for the 40-m sprint test. Most FVP variables from the two tests were weakly to moderately correlated, with the exception of maximal velocity. Finally, maximal velocity and relative peak power were predictive of D’, explaining approximately 51% of the variance in D’. Although similar maximal velocities are attained during both the 40-m sprint and the 3MT, the underlying mechanisms are markedly different. The FVP parameters obtained from either test are likely not interchangeable but do provide valuable insights regarding the potential mechanisms by which D’ may be improved.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…maximal speed attained during the 3MT (MS 3MT ), fatigue index, functional speed reserve, etc.) 9 10 11 12 13 14 . Although research on the CS concept has clearly shown that a range of interventions can predictably increase CS 13 15 16 , the same cannot be said for D’ where predictable changes remain much more elusive 17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the Force-velocity-power Concept to the 3-min all-out Running Test

2022

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“…the shuttle run approach, allowing the evaluation of different parameters to the training prescription and monitor [5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, previous studies used a 30-m or 50-m circuit during a 3-min all-out shuttle run effort, which is larger than the most common sprints performed in court team sports [10]. As the distance covered during the test modifies the outcomes [7][8][9], further studies should investigate the validity of the 3-min all-out shuttle-run test performed in shorter circuits, allowing its use to evaluate court team sports. Thus, the present study aimed to test the reproducibility of a 3-min all-out 20-m shuttle-run effort and compare its values to aerobic parameters obtained through an incremental test.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

3-min All-out Test to Evaluate Aerobic and Anaerobic Indexes in Court Team Sports

Kalva-Filho,

Andrade,

Garcia

et al. 2023

Int J Sports Med

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To test the reproducibility of the 3-min all-out effort applied using shuttle running and compare its values to aerobic parameters. On the first day, fourteen futsal players underwent an exhaustive test to determine the maximal incremental speed (MIS) and anaerobic threshold (AnT). On the second day, the participants performed the 3-min all-out effort (n=14), which was repeated after 48h (third day) to test its reproducibility (n=11). Peak oxygen consumption (V̇O2PEAK) and peak blood lactate concentrations ([La-]) were determined from 3-min all-out efforts performed through a 20-m shuttle run on the official court. The Distance covered, mean speed, and critical speed (CS) during the 3-min all-out presented direct relationships with aerobic parameters determined through the incremental test (r>0.62). The distance covered above CS (D’) presented a direct relationship with peak lactate concentrations induced by a 3-min all-out effort (r=0.81). Despite the acceptable levels of reproducibility observed for most of the 3-min all-out variables, the minimal detectable change for D’ was high (72%). Our results demonstrated the potential use of Mean speed to evaluate aerobic fitness. However, the applicability of the 3-min all-out shuttle run test to monitor training adaptations should be avoided, at least in nonexperienced athletes.

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“…The evidence suggests that all-out linear and shuttle running (i.e. 3MT concept) tend to be energetically similar (total energetic cost: p>0.05; total metabolic power: p>0.05), but sufficiently distinctive to provide test-specific CS, D' and Smax values (p < 0.01)[54]. Coaches should however be cognisant of differences in shuttle testing methodologies such as intermittent vs. continuous protocols as thesePreprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 2 February 2021 doi:10.20944/preprints202102.0081.v1…”

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confidence: 99%

Paradigm Shift in Critical Speed Application and Modification for Shuttle Running: A Narrative Review

Kramer¹,

Piatrikova²

2021

Preprint

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The overarching purpose of this review was to highlight the utility of different aerobic field tests in terms of the parameters they provide, with a specific focus on shuttle running and all-out testing. Various field tests are discussed in detail and are categorised according to linear continuous running tests (e.g. 12-minute Cooper Test, University of Montreal Track Test [UMTT], 1200/1600 m time trials, 3-minute all-out test for running [3MT]), intermittent shuttle running tests (e.g. yo-yo inter-mittent recovery test level 1 [YYIR1], 30-15 intermittent fitness test [IFT], and the intermittent all-out shuttle test [IAOST]), and continuous shuttle running tests (e.g. 1.2 km shuttle run test [1.2SRT], maximal multi-stage 20-m shuttle test [MSR], 25-m, 30 m and 50-m 3-minute all-out shuttle test [AOST]). Readers will be guided through the theoretical and practical underpinnings of the 3MT methodology, where the all-out testing methodology is stationed within the testing paradigm, and how to practically implement and interpret the results thereof.

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Energetics of male field-sport athletes during the 3-min all-out test for linear and shuttle-based running

Cited by 7 publications

References 36 publications

Application of the Force-velocity-power Concept to the 3-min all-out Running Test

Application of the Force-velocity-power Concept to the 3-min all-out Running Test

3-min All-out Test to Evaluate Aerobic and Anaerobic Indexes in Court Team Sports

Paradigm Shift in Critical Speed Application and Modification for Shuttle Running: A Narrative Review

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