Energy and Carbon Footprints for the Urban Water Cycle in Amman, Jordan

Al‐Omari, Abbas; Al-Houri, Zain; Muhammetoğlu, Habib; Muhammetoğlu, Ayşe; Topkaya, Bülent

doi:10.1007/s41742-022-00469-8

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In that study, abstraction and distribution substages of water supply were estimated to consume approximately 90% of the total energy used in the urban water cycle and also water supply stage was the major contributor to the GHG emissions. In a recent study, CF and EF for the urban water cycle in Amman, Jordan were also investigated using the ECAM tool (Al-Omari et al 2022). The results of the study showed that energy and CFs of the water supply stage were significantly higher than the sanitation stage mainly due to high energy consumption for the abstraction substage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of energy performance and GHG emissions for the urban water cycle toward sustainability

Muhammetoğlu

Al‐Omari

Al-Houri

et al. 2022

Journal of Water and Climate Change

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This study presents a holistic approach to evaluate energy performance and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from urban water supply and sanitation stages, which are important for sustainable water management and climate change mitigation. The study was conducted for Antalya city of Turkey to compare baseline and improved scenario conditions using the Energy Performance and Carbon Emissions Assessment and Monitoring (ECAM) tool. The current application of urban water and wastewater services was defined as the baseline scenario. For the improved urban water cycle, the reduction of non-revenue water, onsite sanitation prevention, increase in energy efficiency, biogas production and reuse of treated wastewater were investigated. Water supply and sanitation stages contributed to approximately 26 and 74% of total GHG emissions and 70 and 30% of energy consumption for the baseline scenario, respectively. GHG emissions were determined approximately as 52,423 tCO2eq/year for CO2 (40%), 47,029 tCO2eq/year for CH4 (35%) and 33,006 tCO2eq/year for N2O (25%) for the baseline scenario. The total GHG emissions of 132,457 tCO2eq/year and energy consumption of 136,328 MWh/year were reduced by 27.65% for GHG emissions and 16.48% for energy consumption for the improved urban water cycle. The outcomes of this research are expected to achieve sustainable cities and combat climate change.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of energy performance and GHG emissions for the urban water cycle toward sustainability

Muhammetoğlu

Al‐Omari

Al-Houri

et al. 2022

Journal of Water and Climate Change

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…However, this tool also had many limitations. For example, the detailed calculation of the energy consumption and carbon emissions of a particular structure of the water treatment process is yet to be resolved, and the carbon emissions of the sludge treatment process are one of the technologies that need to be improved in the future [ 26 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into Greenhouse Gases Emissions and Energy Consumption of Different Full-Scale Wastewater Treatment Plants via ECAM Tool

Tian

Liu

Zheng

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Greenhouse gas (GHG) production is one of the urgent problems to be solved in the wastewater treatment industry in the context of “carbon neutrality”. In this study, the carbon emissions and energy consumption of typical wastewater treatment processes in China were evaluated, starting from different cities and water treatment plants. Tool of Energy Performance and Carbon Emission Assessment and Monitoring (ECAM) was used. By comparing the influent BOD5, it was found that the energy consumption for wastewater treatment was positively correlated with the influent organic load. The annual CH4 emission of Xi’an WWTP can reach 19,215 t CO2eq. Moreover, GHGs are closely related to the wastewater treatment process chosen. WWTP B of Kunming used only an anaerobic process without continuous aeration, with an average monthly energy consumption of 8.63 × 105 kW·h. The proportion of recoverable biogas was about 90% in the GHG discharged by the traditional process. However, the anaerobic digestion-thermoelectric cogeneration process can make the recovery of the biogas utilization ratio reach 100%. Compared to the Shuozhou WWTP and WWTP A of Kunming, the Strass WWTP served the smallest population and had the largest treatment capacity, reaching the lowest energy consumption, consuming only 23,670 kW·h per month. The evaluation and analysis of ECAM provide data support and research foundation for the wastewater treatment plants to improve energy utilization and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

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Proposal of an index to evaluate the ‘dewaterization’ of the urban water cycle and a practical application

Alguacil-Duarte,

González-Gómez,

Grigoryan

2023

Sustain. Water Resour. Manag.

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Analyses of the relationship between water and energy do not account for the fact that the energy used in the urban water cycle is a consumer of water. To ensure the efficient use of water resources, the operator must know the raw water use associated with the energy input of the urban water infrastructure. The main contribution of this research is the proposal of an index that measures how much raw water is consumed by the energy used to produce 1 cubic m of water. The resulting index is a decision-making tool that enables the sustainable use of water resources. This article first explains the index, which is called the Water Footprint of the Urban Water Cycle. It then provides examples of how to apply the proposed method; among other applications, it can be used to establish a classification of energy sources based on their relative consumption of raw water, according to the electricity generation mix in each service area. The proposed method is useful for operators, policymakers and other stakeholders, enabling them to make decisions that contribute to the 'dewaterization' of the urban water cycle.

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Energy and Carbon Footprints for the Urban Water Cycle in Amman, Jordan

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Assessment of energy performance and GHG emissions for the urban water cycle toward sustainability

Assessment of energy performance and GHG emissions for the urban water cycle toward sustainability

Insight into Greenhouse Gases Emissions and Energy Consumption of Different Full-Scale Wastewater Treatment Plants via ECAM Tool

Proposal of an index to evaluate the ‘dewaterization’ of the urban water cycle and a practical application

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