Energy and exergy analysis of acid gas removal processes in the LNG production chain

Pellegrini, Laura; Guido, Giorgia De; Valentina, Valentina

doi:10.1016/j.jngse.2018.11.016

Cited by 29 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…For both options, it must be pressurized, which requires energy. 23 All of these drawbacks have motivated researchers to investigate other more efficient alternatives for acid gas removal (AGR). environmental impact and footprint.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Freezing-Based Acid Gas Removal and Its Integration with the Cold Section in an LNG Plant

Pal

Almomani

Al‐musleh

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Natural gas (NG) feed undergoes a series of liquefaction and upgradation processes to produce the final liquefied natural gas (LNG) product that meets customer specifications. LNG processes have a significant capital investment and a high energy requirement, and hence many researchers have focused on process improvement and optimization. While much of the previous research has concentrated on the development of more energy-efficient processes (such as acid gas removal unit (AGRU), liquefaction, natural gas liquid (NGL) recovery, and nitrogen removal), reducing the energy consumption of the whole LNG plant has received little attention. Moreover, the power needs of the LNG plant and LNG product and fuel gas quality constraints remain briefly addressed. The present work proposes an integration between the acid gas freezing unit (FAGRU) with the cold section and suggests multiple structural changes to the cold section. The results showcase that the proposed integration and structural design changes lower the total energy requirement by 16.6% and increase the production rate by 60 kt/a (1.76%). Both these reduce specific energy consumption (SEC) by 17.98%. The feed-to-fuel (FFF) ratio decreases from 6.94% for the base process to 5.7% for the integrated process.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CO 2 removed is either sequestered or used for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). For both options, it must be pressurized, which requires energy . All of these drawbacks have motivated researchers to investigate other more efficient alternatives for acid gas removal (AGR).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Freezing-Based Acid Gas Removal and Its Integration with the Cold Section in an LNG Plant

Pal

Almomani

Al‐musleh

et al. 2022

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…On the other hand, concerning fossil fuels, the increasing natural gas consumption has made sour and ultrasour reserves worthy of consideration for exploitation [4]. Data show that 40% of the available reserves are classified as sour, and 10% of them have a CO 2 content higher than 10 mol.% [5], which can exceed 70% in some gas fields [6,7]. In this energy scenario, biogas is also receiving attention, due to its intrinsic renewable character and, thus, its potential to serve as a replacement energy source to overcome the dependency on fossil fuels [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Solvents for CO2 and H2S Removal from Gaseous Streams

et al. 2021

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Acid gas removal from gaseous streams such as flue gas, natural gas and biogas is mainly performed by chemical absorption with amines, but the process is highly energy intensive and can generate emissions of harmful compounds to the atmosphere. Considering the emerging interest in carbon capture, mainly associated with increasing environmental concerns, there is much current effort to develop innovative solvents able to lower the energy and environmental impact of the acid gas removal processes. To be competitive, the new blends must show a CO2 uptake capacity comparable to the one of the traditional MEA benchmark solution. In this work, a review of the state of the art of attractive solvents alternative to the traditional MEA amine blend for acid gas removal is presented. These novel solvents are classified into three main classes: biphasic blends—involving the formation of two liquid phases, water-lean solvents and green solvents. For each solvent, the peculiar features, the level of technological development and the main expected pros and cons are discussed. At the end, a summary on the most promising perspectives and on the major limitations is provided.

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“…Another study investigated the impact of using different amines at various strengths on the CO 2 capture efficiency and reported the optimum amine concentrations based on the CO 2 loadings. 12 Pellegrini et al 13 compared the chemical absorption using activated-MDEA (aMDEA) and dual pressure low-temperature (DPLT) distillation technology for the CO 2 removal from natural gas. Their results showed that the chemical absorption using activated amine has the same specific energy consumption as that of the DPLT technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Modification of Acid Gas Cleaning Units for an Enhanced Performance in Natural Gas Processing

Al-Amri

Zahid

2020

Energy Fuels

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Acid gas cleaning is one of the natural gas processing steps where the acid gases are removed to satisfy the quality of the sweet gas. Conventionally, this is achieved by processing the sour gas through an acid gas removal (AGR) unit to produce the desired sweet gas while concentrating the H2S gas in the acid gas enrichment unit. Together with achieving the required high heating value of 930 BTU/SCF in the sweet gas, it is also desired from the process that the acid gases must contain 30–55% H2S content before feeding to the sulfur recovery unit. In addition, the waste gases sent to the thermal oxidizer must not contain more than 2000 ppmv H2S. However, these requirements put a constraint on the process operational flexibility especially when the feed gas has a high CO2 content. In this study, a novel acid gas cleaning design has been proposed that can significantly reduce the energy requirement while maintaining all the streams’ design specifications. The proposed design recommends first producing acid gas with the required purity and then producing the sweet gas in another AGR unit. The results show that the proposed design requires 22% lower operational energy compared to the base design. The economic analysis reflects a saving of more than $7.25 million in total annual cost compared to the conventional design.

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Energy and exergy analysis of acid gas removal processes in the LNG production chain

Cited by 29 publications

References 18 publications

Freezing-Based Acid Gas Removal and Its Integration with the Cold Section in an LNG Plant

Freezing-Based Acid Gas Removal and Its Integration with the Cold Section in an LNG Plant

New Solvents for CO2 and H2S Removal from Gaseous Streams

Design Modification of Acid Gas Cleaning Units for an Enhanced Performance in Natural Gas Processing

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