Energy and exergy analysis of biomass gasification at different temperatures

Karamarković, Rade; Karamarkovic, Vladan

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2009.10.022

Cited by 161 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A possible explanation is the DOUG15 feedstock had the highest reaction temperatures (table 4). High reaction temperatures have been shown to lower producer gas energy content because of a decrease in CO and alkane content in the producer gas (Karamarkovic and Karamarkovic, 2010;Yan et al, 2010). From the perspective of fuel cost, all the feedstocks have similar results.…”

Section: Performancesupporting

confidence: 60%

Performance Analysis of a Biomass Gasifier Genset at Varying Operating Conditions

Palmer¹,

Severy²,

Chamberlin³

et al. 2018

Applied Engineering in Agriculture

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. An All Power Labs PP20 gasifier generation set (Berkeley, Calif.) any promising technologies are emerging for the conversion of residual forest waste to useful products. These processes are collectively known as biomass conversion technologies (BCTs) and include processes such as torrefaction, densification, and biochar production. However, the feasibility of BCT projects is highly dependent on the transportation economics of the unprocessed waste biomass (Pan et al., 2008). From a transportation economics standpoint, it is often optimal to place a BCT operation as close to the fuel source as possible. Examples include forest landing sites, at the roadside, or in locations close to forestry operations, such as former sawmills. Although optimal for transportation costs, technological and logistical challenges arise when operating a BCT in remote locations. A key logistical factor for BCT operation is obtaining a reliable source of electricity. Many potential sites do not have access to grid electricity, and a remote power source is therefore required to provide electricity to the BCT. BACKROUNDIn a previous study by Severy et al. (2016), various remote power generation technologies were compared for their potential feasibility for providing power at a remote forest landing site. The technologies evaluated in this study were an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) waste heat recovery device, a thermoelectric generator, a biomass gasifier with an engine generator (All Power Labs Power Pallet, Berkeley, Calif.), a solar PV array with battery storage, and a shaft work power generator. The generation sources were evaluated based on their mobility, footprint, reliability, operational intensity, electrical load following ability, environmental impact, capital cost, operational cost safety, and ease of permitting. The results of the technoeconomic feasibility study concluded that a biomass gasifier was the preferred alternative technology to replace a diesel generator at a BCT site due to its mobility, small footprint, competitive lifecycle cost, and quoted load following abilities (Severy et al., 2016). To validate the results of the feasibility study and extend research on the topic, the goal of this study is to evaluate the suitability of the APL PP20 for powering biomass conversion technologies in the greater Pacific Northwest area. The objectives are to measure the power output and load following capabilities, quantify the emission rates, and provide electricity to a remote BCT that has a fluctuating load. By conducting these tests, the authors can verify whether this gasifier generator is a technically-viable alternative to a diesel generator at offgrid locations. GASIFIER AS AN ELECTRICAL POWER SOURCEGasification technology has been used for decades (Ghosh et al., 2006). However, due to relatively recent technology improvements, there has been an increase in development and interest in the technology. Ahrenfeldt et al. (2013) review the state of the art of biomass gasification combined heat and power (CHP) syst...

show abstract

Section: Performancesupporting

confidence: 60%

Performance Analysis of a Biomass Gasifier Genset at Varying Operating Conditions

Palmer¹,

Severy²,

Chamberlin³

et al. 2018

Applied Engineering in Agriculture

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…U o-vim analizama načinjena je jedna relativno gruba pretpostavka da gorivi gas struji ravnomernom brzinom kroz otvor koji povezuje komore za gasifikaciju i sagorevanje (videti sliku 1.) i njegov sastav je određivan preko kvazi ravnotežnog modela predstavljenog u referenci [15].…”

Section: Rezultat Simulacijaunclassified

Eksperimentalno ispitivanje gasifikacionog kotla: dizajn komore za sagorevanje

Karmarković¹,

Novčić²,

Nikolić³

et al. 2018

procteh

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

S adašnja stremljenja u tehnici koja se bavi konstruisanjem uređaja i sistema za zadovoljenje potreba za toplotnom energijom teže korišćenju: 1) toplotnih izvora temperatura što je moguće bliže zahtevanim, 2) energetski najefikasnijih i ekološki najprihvatljivijih tehnologija transformacije, 3) obnovljivih izvora energije i 4) povezivanju energetskih i tehnoloških procesa putem pametnih mreža. Rezultat ovih stremljenja je: veće korišćenje otpadne toplote, toplotnih pumpi, kogeneracionih, trigene-racionih, hibridnih sistema, pametnih mreža i sl. Ova stremljenja su lako uočljiva na primeru istorijskog razvoja i definisanju budućih ciljeva sistema daljinskog grejanja [1]. U tehnologijma koje se razvijaju, biomasa bi trebala da zadrži ulogu značajnog energenta. U Republici Srbiji drvna biomasa se na godišnjem nivou trenutno koristi sa 1,021 Mtoe, dok je njen godišnji neiskorišćeni potencijal 0,509 Mtoe [2]. Ne postoji tačna procena kolika je efikasnost uređaja i sistema koji koriste ovu biomasu. UvodProizvođači peći i kotlova na drvnu biomasu ulažu značajne napore na povećanje efikasnosti i smanjenje emisija zagađujućih materija. Drvna biomasa se koristi u obliku ogrevnog drveta, sečke, peleta i drvenog uglja. Ogrevno drvo je ekonomski najprihvatljivije od svih navedenih goriva. Osim cene, prednost ogrevnog drveta je niža emisija posrednih zagađivača zbog kraćeg transporta i manje potrebe za procesuiranjem tokom proizvodnje. Nasuprot prednostima, glavni nedostaci ogrevnog drveta su: otežana kontrola procesa sagorevanja i veće emisije zagađujućih materija u atmosferu. Radi smanjenja emisija, drvo se sagoreva višestepeno ili se kotlovi i peći uparuju sa akumulatorima toplote radi uspostavljanja stacionarnog režima sagorevanja [3,4].Predmet rada je ispitivanje i konstruisanje kotlova za višestepeno sagorevanje ogrevnog drveta. U prvom stepenu drvo nepotpuno sagoreva (gasifikuje se), dok se u drugom gorivi gas sagoreva. Zone gasifikacije i sagorevanja su u gasifikacionim kotlovima fizički odvojene. Principske šeme najčešće korišćenih konstrukcija prikazane su na slici 1. Na njima je primenjena isključivo istosmerna gasifikacija drveta (vazduh i gorivi gas struje u istom smeru), i u svim prikazanim konstrukcijamakomora za gasifikaciju (koja je ujedno i bunker za gorivo) je najčešće iznad komore za sagorevanja gorivog gasa (ložište kotla). Osim prikazanih konstrukcija, postoje konstrukcije sa poprečnom i suprotnosmernom gasifikacijom [5] , kao i kod reaktora za gasifikaciju u nepokretnom sloju. Prikazane konstrukcije dominiraju na tržištu zbog pouzdanosti, razrađenog principa (proizvođači najlakše prihvataju uspešno razrađene principe), mogućnosti sagorevanja nešto vlažnijeg drveta i stabilnog strujanja vazduha i gasa kroz zonu gasifikacije. Konstrukcija prikazana na slici 1. A je tehnički najjednostavnija, ali i ekološki najneprihvatljivija. Njen nedostatak je uzrokovan velikom količinom čvrstih čestica u gasu koji sagoreva. Ove čestice padaju na dno ložišta, vrlo brzo se hlade i uzrokuju veće emisije ugljenmonoksida (C...

show abstract

“…Exergetic efficiency = 1-Exergy loss/Exergy input (39) Where exergy loss and exergy input can be easily calculated using similar equations to equation 25 and equation 26 with adaptation to the solar drying system.…”

Section: Calculation Of the System Exergy Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fro m a thermodynamic point of view, exergy is defined as the maximu m amount of work which can be produced by a quantity or flow of matter, heat or wo rk as it co mes to equilibriu m with a reference environment [36]. Exergy starts finding applications in several industries and we direct our attention to the application for d rying process [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview on Application of Exergy and Energy for Determination of Solar Drying Efficiency

Bennamoun¹

2012

IJEE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The main objective of this work is to give an overview of the different used mathematical methods for modeling and calculating the energy and exergy efficiency of a solar dry ing system. For determination of the energy efficiency of thin or thick layers, heat and mass balances are established to the different co mponents. In the case of thick layers equations of porous med ia are used. These methods allow fo llo wing, in particular, the variat ions of the heated air and the product temperature and humidity. As a second part, the common way for the calculus of the exergetic efficiency passes through the establishment of exergy balance and after calculating the input, output and exergy loss. The influence and illustration of several parameters are as well presented in this paper.

show abstract

Energy and exergy analysis of biomass gasification at different temperatures

Cited by 161 publications

References 20 publications

Performance Analysis of a Biomass Gasifier Genset at Varying Operating Conditions

Performance Analysis of a Biomass Gasifier Genset at Varying Operating Conditions

Eksperimentalno ispitivanje gasifikacionog kotla: dizajn komore za sagorevanje

An Overview on Application of Exergy and Energy for Determination of Solar Drying Efficiency

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About