Energy and monetary efficiencies at the different altitudinal agroecosystems in central Himalaya, India

Bargali, Surendra Singh; Shahi, Charu; Bargali, Kiran; Negi, Bhawna; Khatri, Kavita

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11500

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In all seasons, leaf litterfall was often the largest component of all litter component categories, and leaves make up roughly 70-90% of the total litterfall.The amount of litterfall gradually increased from the post-monsoon season to the premonsoon season. Leaf maturation, occurs during March-April in the deciduous forests (Bhat, 1992;Chaturvedi, 2011;Negi, 2022).…”

Section: Decomposition Quotient (K): the Decomposition Quotient Wasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Litter dynamics of forest ecosystem in an urban and pristine area of West Bengal, India

Banerjee,

Gangopadhyay,

Batabyal

et al. 2023

JEB

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Aim: A comparative assessment of forest litterfall dynamics was carried out between the Garadaha forest (GF or urban) and the Pratappur forest (PF or pristine), located in Burdwan districts of West Bengal, and the litterfall components were correlated with the environmental factors that govern the dynamics. Methodology: Nets of dimension 1m × 1m were placed below the tress of both forests and litter was collected at regular intervals per month and brought to the laboratory for separation into the categories like leaf litter, woody litter (bark), miscellaneous (mixed) and twig. Two types of litterfall such as specific litterfall and standing litterfall were calculated. Environmental factors such as maximum and minimum temperature, rainfall, relative humidity, wind speed, solar irradiance, and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) were studied simultaneously followed by correlation and Principal Component Analysis. Results: Pre-monsoon showed the highest total litterfall (specific litterfall and standing litterfall) in both types of forests. The decomposition quotient was higher in the pristine forest than in the urban forest. The correlation between litterfall components and environmental factors showed that solar irradiance was positively correlated with litterfall dynamics. Interpretation: The work emphasizes the forest management of urban areas impacted by industrialization and urbanization. The anthropogenic causes influence the plant growth and litterfall pattern thereby affecting the decomposition process and soil health. The selection of proper tree species should be given priority for social forestry in industrialized zones of India. Key words: Litter decomposition, Seasonal pattern, Solar irradiance, Standing litter, Temperature

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Section: Decomposition Quotient (K): the Decomposition Quotient Wasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Litter dynamics of forest ecosystem in an urban and pristine area of West Bengal, India

Banerjee,

Gangopadhyay,

Batabyal

et al. 2023

JEB

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“…The region differs in terms of topography, cropping patterns, agricultural practices, and in many more ways. Traditional agricultural practices depend heavily on forest-derived resources (vegetative materials such as fodder and bedding leaves, and animal wastes) and are prominently subsistence-based without any commercial interest [2][3][4]. Production is meagre as the area under arable land is extremely limited and fragmented, with poor irrigation facilities [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive Ageratina adenophora (Asteraceae) in Agroecosystems of Kumaun Himalaya, India: A Threat to Plant Diversity and Sustainable Crop Yield

2023

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Invasive plant species pose a serious threat to agricultural yield, although how the threat varies with the distance of crops from invasive plants remains unclear. Therefore, utilizing this viewpoint, objectives were formulated to quantify differences in the native vegetation and performance of crops growing near A. adenophora–invaded (treatment plots) and uninvaded ridges (control plots) in the terraced agricultural fields of Kumaun Central Himalaya. Morphological and yield parameters of two crops, viz. rice (Oryza sativa L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.), were assessed systematically by laying parallel transects from the ridge of the field up to 5 m towards the centre of the field in three equal distance intervals of 1 m in the order: 0–1 m, 2–3 m, and 4–5 m. Crofton weed showed 95–100% crown cover throughout invaded ridges/risers of terraced fields, with stem densities of 134–208 ind. m−2 and an average basal area of 0.15 cm2. The total mean density of herbs (other than A. adenophora) in invaded ridges/risers decreased by 38–85% compared to uninvaded ridges, but species richness increased by 31–37%. Soil nutrient availability was high across invaded ridges/risers as well as crop fields. The average irradiance level near uninvaded ridges was 19.6 ± 1.80%, and near invaded ridges, it was 1.8 ± 0.31%. Compared to straw, root, and grain yields obtained at the farthest distance, the yield of rice near uninvaded ridges was reduced by 27%, 19%, and 33%, while near invaded ridges, it was reduced by 37%, 39%, and 43%, respectively; the yield of soybean near uninvaded ridges declined by 62%, 66%, and 42%, while near invaded ridges, it decreased by 59%, 69%, and 47%, respectively. Compared to the values obtained at the farthest distance, the harvest index (HI) of rice near ridges was reduced by 7% and 13%, while the HI of soybean increased by 15 and 10% across uninvaded and invaded field ridges, respectively. The findings indicated that the Crofton weed could suppress field crops and could form a single dominant population in the invaded area, causing a serious threat to the plant community, its diversity, and the yield of the native agroecosystem in the foreseeable future if timely management actions would not be taken.

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“…Anthropogenic activity such as deforestation and landuse changes causes 30% reduction in C (carbon) stock ( Bargali et al., 2018 ; Awasthi et al., 2022a Manral et al., 2020 ; Manral et al., 2022 ; Bisht et al., 2023 ). Population pressure, agricultural expansion/intensification and development of infrastructure have been considered as major threats to biodiversity ( Davidar et al., 2010 ; Baboo et al., 2017 ; Bargali et al., 2019 ; Bargali et al., 2022 ; Bisht et al., 2022 ) which causes an increase in CO 2 in the atmosphere. Carbon sequestration is a key ecosystem function influenced by plant diversity ( Bartelt-Ryser et al., 2005 ; Isbell et al., 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant diversity drives soil carbon sequestration: evidence from 150 years of vegetation restoration in the temperate zone

Tian

Zhang

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Large-scale afforestation is considered a natural way to address climate challenges (e.g., the greenhouse effect). However, there is a paucity of evidence linking plant diversity to soil carbon sequestration pathways during long-term natural restoration of temperate vegetation. In particular, the carbon sequestration mechanisms and functions of woody plants require further study. Therefore, we conducted a comparative study of plant diversity and soil carbon sequestration characteristics during 150 years of natural vegetation restoration in the temperate zone to provide a comprehensive assessment of the effects of long-term natural vegetation restoration processes on soil organic carbon stocks. The results suggested positive effects of woody plant diversity on carbon sequestration. In addition, fine root biomass and deadfall accumulation were significantly positively correlated with soil organic carbon stocks, and carbon was stored in large grain size aggregates (1–5 mm). Meanwhile, the diversity of Fabaceae and Rosaceae was observed to be important for soil organic carbon accumulation, and the carbon sequestration function of shrubs should not be neglected during vegetation restoration. Finally, we identified three plants that showed high potential for carbon sequestration: Lespedeza bicolor, Sophora davidii, and Cotoneaster multiflorus, which should be considered for inclusion in the construction of local artificial vegetation. Among them, L. bicolor is probably the best choice.

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Energy and monetary efficiencies at the different altitudinal agroecosystems in central Himalaya, India

Cited by 21 publications

References 42 publications

Litter dynamics of forest ecosystem in an urban and pristine area of West Bengal, India

Litter dynamics of forest ecosystem in an urban and pristine area of West Bengal, India

Invasive Ageratina adenophora (Asteraceae) in Agroecosystems of Kumaun Himalaya, India: A Threat to Plant Diversity and Sustainable Crop Yield

Plant diversity drives soil carbon sequestration: evidence from 150 years of vegetation restoration in the temperate zone

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