Energy and protein intake in pregnancy

Kramer, Michael S.; Kakuma, Ritsuko

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd000032

Cited by 291 publications

(231 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Our findings are supported by a Cochrane review that concluded that less energy intake during pregnancy is strongly associated with poor fetal growth, and underweight during pregnancy can also be possibly associated with the risk of preterm birth [14]. On the other hand, meta-analysis of five trials on balanced protein energy supplementation during pregnancy showed no difference between the incidence of term and preterm birth [15].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Energy and protein intake during pregnancy in relation to preterm birth: A Case Control Study

et al. 2015

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Objective: To find the association of maternal energy and protein intake with preterm birth.Design: Case-control study. Setting:Two hospitals at Lucknow in Northern India.Participants: Cases (n=350) were defined as mothers (age 18-40 y) of singleton live preterm (<37 wks) neonates. Controls (n=350) were mothers who delivered a singleton neonate, consecutive to enrolled case, after completing 37 weeks of gestation.Results: There was a statistically significant lower mean (SD) energy intake [cases 1624 (249) Conclusion:Lower energy and protein intake during pregnancy is possibly associated with preterm birth.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Energy and protein intake during pregnancy in relation to preterm birth: A Case Control Study

et al. 2015

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“…27 Kramer et al, in their systematic review of 16 RCTs and quasi experimental studies on balanced energy protein supplementation to pregnant women reported reduction in incidence of SGA (RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.49-0.89), stillbirths (RR 0.62, 95% CI 0.40-0.98) and improved birth weight (Mean difference of 73g, 95% CI 30-117). 28 Cochrane systematic review of 21 RCTs on multiple micronutrient supplementation to pregnant women in comparison with two or fewer micronutrients resulted in a significant effect on low birth weight (RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.85-0.91), SGA (RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.83-0.96) and preterm birth (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.94-0.99). 29 Significant past medical history was found in 52% of the IUGR group in comparison to 8% in control group, 24% of foetal growth retardation cases had history of infertility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of fetal growth restriction in pregnancy in subjects attending in an obstetric clinic of a tertiary care teaching hospital

Seal

Dasgupta

Sengupta

et al. 2018

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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Background: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is defined as fetal growth less than the normal growth potential of a specific infant because of genetic or environmental factors. Fetal growth restriction or intrauterine growth restriction is one of the leading causes of perinatal mortality and morbidity in newborns. Fetal growth restriction is a complex multifactorial condition resulting from several fetal and maternal disorders. Objective of present study was to find out incidence of IUGR and assessment and evaluation of different important changes in IUGR.Methods: Women who attended the Obstetric OPD in their 1st trimester of pregnancy and those who were thought would be able to visit the antenatal clinic for their fortnightly check-up regularly were screened for intrauterine foetal growth retardation. Women with irregular and uncertain menstrual history and where the 1st trimester USG foetal crown rump length did not corroborate with the menstrual gestational age were excluded from this study.Results: Incidence of IUGR was 18.2% and 84% were found to be asymmetrical. IUGR was found to be double among primigravids and women above 30 years. It had been observed that IUGR was associated with certain conditions like short stature (52%), pregnancy induced hypertension (24%) and anaemia (12%).Conclusions: Thus, early USG screening along with robust screening for maternal BMI, nutritional status, and anaemia can assist the obstetric team in providing early diagnosis, prompt intervention, and better outcome in pregnancy with fetal growth restriction.

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“…However, under conditions of chronic undernutrition, supplementation of energy, proteins as well as micronutrients to the level of recommended dietary allowance during pregnancy resulted in only marginal improvements in birth weight (Christian et al, 2003;Kramer and Kakuma, 2003). The limited efficacy of these supplements may be owing to the inability of the body to lay down lean mass during pregnancy, because pregnancy is too short a window to increase lean mass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal lean body mass may be the major determinant of birth weight: a study from India

2006

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This study explored the relationship of maternal body composition parameters to the birth weight of the offspring. Maternal anthropometric parameters (weight, height) and body composition by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry were measured in 76 women from low-income group during 12-21 days postpartum. The mean7s.d. height, weight of the mothers and birth weight of the newborns were 151.575.29 cm, 46.776.04 and 2.8470.358 kg, respectively. When the relationship of maternal anthropometric and body composition parameters to the infants' birth weight was studied, maternal lean body mass was found to be the most important determinant of birth weight (R 2 (%) ¼ 21.3) (Po0.001). This study highlights the importance of increasing lean body mass in young women for better pregnancy outcome.

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Energy and protein intake in pregnancy

Cited by 291 publications

References 79 publications

Energy and protein intake during pregnancy in relation to preterm birth: A Case Control Study

Energy and protein intake during pregnancy in relation to preterm birth: A Case Control Study

Analysis of fetal growth restriction in pregnancy in subjects attending in an obstetric clinic of a tertiary care teaching hospital

Maternal lean body mass may be the major determinant of birth weight: a study from India

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