Energy-Aware UAV Based on Blockchain Model Using IoE Application in 6G Network-Driven Cybertwin

Abstract

Several advanced features exist in fifth-generation (5G) correspondence than in fourth-generation (4G) correspondence. Centric cloud-computing architecture achieves resource sharing and effectively handles big data explosion. For data security problems, researchers had developed many methods to protect data against cyber-attacks. Only a few solutions are based on blockchain (BC), but are affected by expensive storage costs, network latency, confidence, and capacity. Things are represented in digital form in the virtual cyberspace which is the major responsibility of the communication model based on cybertwin. A novel cybertwin-based UAV 6G network architecture is proposed with new concepts such as cloud operators and cybertwin in UAV. Here, IoE applications have to be energy aware and provide scalability with less latency. A novel Compute first networking (CFN) framework named secure blockchain-based UAV communication (BC-UAV) is designed which offers network services such as computing, caching, and communication resources. The focus of the blockchain was to improve the security in the cloud using hashing technique. Edge clouds support core clouds to quickly respond to user requests.

IoT Approach for Ensuring Safety in smart Cities for Energy Saving

“…• If required, establish communication between Arduino Uno and a centralized system (e.g., cloud platform) using communication modules (e.g., Wi-Fi, Ethernet, GSM) [20]. • Transmit relevant data or threat information to the central system for further analysis [3]. o Data Logging:…”

“…• Implement data logging on Arduino Uno to record historical sensor readings and detected safety events [21]. • Facilitate later analysis or auditing of safety incidents [3]. Depending on the required degree of autonomy, processing needs, and specific safety standards, the degree of result analysis on Arduino Uno can vary [4].…”

“…A complex system of linked gadgets, sensors, and data analytics has replaced older forms of safety precautions. This comprehensive approach, driven by the Internet of Things, seeks to do more than just reduce hazards; it also seeks to proactively detect and react to new safety issues as they arise [3].…”

A Review of Machine Learning-Based Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Network Lifetime

“…As such, RL for WSNs is concerned with a wide range of issues, including clustering protocols, medium-access protocols, and routing protocols; additionally, hyper-parameter optimization is addressed within the context of RL, with applications including architectural network design and application-level collaboration between nodes. To improve the effectiveness of standard learning algorithms for WSN routing issues, the Q-learning [40] approach is useful [41].…”

Secure UAV adhoc network with blockchain technology

“…Blockchain technology could naturally be used to secure data exchange, via cryptographical transfers, for all users without even a trusted person through the features of decentralization, transparency, and data consistency [ 26 ]. It remains a major challenge to adapt blockchain methods for the variety of data handled by the UAV networks in terms of security and latency constraints [ 27 , 28 ]. In the proposed method, we differentiate data generated by the network nodes in terms of their urgency and security requirements.…”