Energy balance dynamics during short-term high-intensity functional training

Abstract

CrossFit^TM (CF) is a form of high-intensity functional training (HIFT) that focuses on training across the entire spectrum of physical fitness. CF has been shown to improve a number of indicators of health but little information assessing energy balance exists. The purpose of the present study was to investigate energy balance during 1 week of CF training. Men and women (n = 21, mean age and BMI: 43.5 ± 8.4 y; 27.8 ± 4.9 kg·m^-2), with ≥ 3 months CF experience, had body composition assessed via air displacement plethysmography before and after 1 week of CF training. Participants wore ActiHeart monitors to assess total energy expenditure (TEE), activity energy expenditure (AEE), and CF energy expenditure (CF EE). Energy intake was assessed from TEE and Δ body composition. CF EE averaged 605 ± 219 kcal per 72 ± 10 min session. Weekly CF EE was 2723 ± 986 kcal. Participants were in an energy deficit (TEE: 3674 ± 855 kcal·d^-1; EI: 3167 ± 1401 kcal·d^-1). Results of the present study indicate that CF training can account for a significant portion of daily activity energy expenditure. The weekly expenditure is within levels shown to induce clinically meaningful weight loss in overweight/obese populations.

A content analysis of the high-intensity functional training literature: a look at the past and directions for the future

“…of the studies reviewed, 7 (7%) utilized online documents (i.e. online databases, medical records) and 1 study [122] used interviews to examine the factors that promoted participation in crossFit training among pregnant women. because of the nature of crossFit training, it makes sense that experimental designs are most common.…”

Effects of Mediterranean Diet Combined with CrossFit Training on Trained Adults’ Performance and Body Composition

“…Observational studies have demonstrated that CrossFit athletes’ dietary intake is frequently below recommendations [ 13 ]. Maintaining a deficit in energy intake could be a valuable strategy to target weight loss reduction in overweight or obese individuals [ 1 ]. On the other hand, switching energetic metabolism (from carbohydrate to fat recruitment) could be beneficial for athletes.…”

“…CrossFit is a well-known, widely spread, new type of exercise training consisting of high-intensity and endurance activities, while presenting functional exercises as a major component. Thanks to CrossFit characteristics, athletes can simultaneously improve strength and aerobic performances and decrease body fat efficiently [ 1 , 2 ]. This type of training, usually composed of high-intensity exercise involving upper and lower body exercise with a short rest, especially when associated with uncontrolled progressive overload, may result in fatigue exacerbated by a non-suitable recovery that could subsequently lead to a higher risk of musculoskeletal injuries [ 2 ].…”

Method of Measuring Pull-up Times Based on Built-in Acceleration Sensor in Mobile Terminal

“…In the process of force analysis, we have made clear that among the several external forces to which the human body is subjected, static friction does not do work, so it does not bring about energy conversion. In the whole process, we only need to consider the work of two forces, namely the work of the arm and the force of gravity [18][19]. In the rising process, the upward pulling force is the same as the displacement direction, so it does positive work, and the vertical downward gravity is opposite to the displacement direction, so it does negative work.…”