Energy balance in lactating goats: Response to mixture of conjugated linoleic acid

Abstract

The energy from the intake of dry matter (DM) does not satisfy the requirements of lactating ruminants in the early lactation, when the net energy demand for lactation (NEL) and maintenance (NEM) exceeds metabolizable energy (ME) (NRC, 2001). Consequently, these animals use their body reserves to maintain milk production (Wenk, Colombani, Milgen, & Lemme, 2000), causing a negative energy balance, which could be avoided by decreasing the fat concentration in milk (Bauman, Harvatine, & Lock, 2011). This suggestion comes from the knowledge that fat synthesis in the mammary gland represents approximately 50% of the NEL demand (Palmquist, 2006); therefore, it is through this that we can improve the energetic balance in lactating ruminants (Bauman et al., 2011). In multiple species of ruminants the inclusion of the trans-10, cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid (t10, c12 CLA) (Ghazal,

Effect of the feeding system (grazing vs. zero grazing) on the production, composition, and fatty acid profile in milk of creole goats in northern Mexico

“…Meanwhile, studies carried out by Lorenzana et al (2016) report lower values in both FAs. The differences in the concentration of these FAs in milk from grazing goats compared to milk from zero grazing goats in our study may be due to the difference in the amount of energy in the diets consumed by each group of goats (Granados-Rivera et al, 2020), favoring the synthesis of these FA in the group of zero grazing goats.…”

“…In contrast, in the Lagunera region, as far as we know, there are no studies of this type, in particular, on creole goat breeds, despite being an important element in the economy and culture of different marginalized social groups in arid and semi-arid areas of the world (García-Bonilla et al, 2018). In the northern region of Mexico, creole goats have a well-developed market, focused on milk production, contributing to improve the quality of life of small-scale producers, so research aimed at improving nutritional quality and giving added value to milk are necessary to generate high quality foodstuffs at competitive prices, where there is a growing demand from the artisan cheese industry, which is mostly small-scale (Granados-Rivera et al, 2020). Given the aforementioned, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of the production system on the productive performance, composition, and fatty acid profile from creole goat milk in the Comarca Lagunera located in northern Mexico.…”

Size, number and phospholipid composition of milk fat globules are affected by dietary conjugated linoleic acid

“…For example, Baumgard et al (2001) used a 5‐day abomasal infusion of 0.0, 3.5, 7.0 and 14.0 g/day of trans ‐10, cis ‐12 CLA for bovine. Granados‐Rivera et al (2020) fed goats 90 g/day CLA for 7 weeks, which also reduced the fat content of goat milk. Similar to these results, feeding CLA resulted in MFD without affecting milk yield or milk protein, or lactose contents.…”

El horario de complementación alimenticia modifica la respuesta productiva de cabras lecheras en pastoreo

“…Lo cual puede tener explicación por dos vías principales, en la primera, las cabras del grupo Testigo presentaron la mayor cantidad de grasa, debido a que sólo se alimentaron a través del pastoreo, con lo cual, la producción en rumen de acetato y butirato probablemente fue mayor y al ser precursores lipogénicos, provocaron una síntesis mayor de grasa en leche (32). La segunda hipótesis explica que las cabras complementadas, produjeron una mayor concentración de ácido linoleico conjugado (ALC) (debido a los ingredientes que componen el alimento integral) (33), y como consecuencia del isómero trans-10, cis-12 del ALC que inhibe la expresión génica de enzimas lipogénicas en la glándula mamaria, se redujo la concentración de grasa en leche de las cabras complementadas (34).…”