Energy budget of Drosophila embryogenesis

Song, Yonghyun; Park, Junyoung O.; Tanner, Lukas B.; Nagano, Yasutaka; Rabinowitz, Joshua D.; Shvartsman, Stanislav Y.

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2019.05.025

Cited by 35 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…When a thermodynamically consistent description is available, the average rate of entropy production can be related to the rate of energy or information exchange between the system, the heat bath(s) it is connected to, and any other thermodynamic entity involved in the dynamics, such as a measuring device [15][16][17]. Whilst the rate of energy dissipation is of immediate interest since it captures how 'costly' it is to sustain specific dynamics (e.g., the metabolism sustaining the development of an organism [18,19]), entropy production has also been found to relate non-trivially to the efficiency and precision of the corresponding process via uncertainty relations [3,20]. Entropy production along fluctuating trajectories also plays a fundamental role in the formulation of various fluctuation theorems [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entropy Production in Exactly Solvable Systems

Cocconi

Garcia-Millan

Zhen

et al. 2020

Entropy

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The rate of entropy production by a stochastic process quantifies how far it is from thermodynamic equilibrium. Equivalently, entropy production captures the degree to which global detailed balance and time-reversal symmetry are broken. Despite abundant references to entropy production in the literature and its many applications in the study of non-equilibrium stochastic particle systems, a comprehensive list of typical examples illustrating the fundamentals of entropy production is lacking. Here, we present a brief, self-contained review of entropy production and calculate it from first principles in a catalogue of exactly solvable setups, encompassing both discrete- and continuous-state Markov processes, as well as single- and multiple-particle systems. The examples covered in this work provide a stepping stone for further studies on entropy production of more complex systems, such as many-particle active matter, as well as a benchmark for the development of alternative mathematical formalisms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entropy Production in Exactly Solvable Systems

Cocconi

Garcia-Millan

Zhen

et al. 2020

Entropy

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show abstract

“…Metabolism during embryogenesis has been assayed in frogs (Nagano and Ode, 2014), fish (Rodenfels et al, 2019) and flies (Song et al, 2019) using isothermal calorimetry (ITC) to measure heat dissipation, which is equal to the net enthalpic change associated with all of the biochemical reactions taking place in the embryo (Rodenfels et al, 2019). The measurements show that embryogenesis is exothermic, meaning that the medium surrounding the embryos heats up.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of increasing plasma membrane to the energetic cost of early zebrafish embryogenesis

Rodenfels

Sartori

Golfier

et al. 2020

MBoC

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“…Thus, its metabolic and energetic profile that can be understood from basic principles, such as mass and energy conservation, stoichiometric constraints on production, homeostasis and morphometric parameter (Jusup, 2016). To investigate overall energetics, our lab has measured heat dissipation, which is equal to the net enthalpic change associated with all of the biochemical reactions taking place in the embryo (Rodenfels, 2019) The heat dissipated during the development of frog (Nagano & Ode, 2014), fish (Rodenfels, 2019) and fly (Song, 2019) embryos can be measured using isothermal calorimetry (ITC). The measurements show, for example, that embryogenesis is exothermic, meaning that the medium surrounding the embryos heats up.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing demand for plasma membrane contributes to the energetic cost of early zebrafish embryogenesis

Rodenfels

Sartori

Golfier

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abbreviations: isothermal calorimetry (ITC), Highlight summary for TOC: Rodenfels et al. measure the energetic costs of early zebrafish development, using calorimetry. Embryonic heat dissipation increases, but, more slowly than the number of cells during early cleavage stage development. Instead, the heat dissipation scales with the energetic cost associated with maintaining and producing new plasma membrane. Total characters excluding Materials and Methods and spaces: ~21,000Heat dissipation scales with cell surface area 2 Abstract How do early embryos apportion the resources stored in the sperm and egg? Recently, we established isothermal calorimetry (ITC) to measure heat dissipation by living zebrafish embryos and to estimate the energetics of specific developmental events.During the reductive cleavage divisions, the rate of heat dissipation increases from ~60 nJ⋅s -1 at the 2-cell stage to ~90 nJ⋅s -1 at the 1024-cell stage. Here we ask, which cellular process(es) drive these increasing energetic costs? We present evidence that the cost is due to the increase in the total surface area of all of the cells of the embryo. First, embryo volume stays constant during the cleavage stage, indicating that the increase is not due to growth. Second, the heat increase is blocked by nocodazole, which inhibits DNA replication, mitosis and cell division; this implicates some aspect of cell proliferation contributing to these costs. Third, the heat increase scales with total cell surface area rather than total cell number. Finally, the calculated costs of maintaining and assembling plasma membranes and associated proteins probably accounts for a significant proportion of the heat increase. Thus, the cell's membrane is likely to contribute significantly to the total energy budget of the embryo.

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Energy budget of Drosophila embryogenesis

Cited by 35 publications

References 10 publications

Entropy Production in Exactly Solvable Systems

Entropy Production in Exactly Solvable Systems

Contribution of increasing plasma membrane to the energetic cost of early zebrafish embryogenesis

Increasing demand for plasma membrane contributes to the energetic cost of early zebrafish embryogenesis

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