Energy conservation in chemotrophic anaerobic bacteria.

Thauer, Rudolf K.; Jungermann, Kurt; Decker, Karl

doi:10.1128/mmbr.41.1.100-180.1977

Cited by 2,460 publications

(1,219 citation statements)

References 354 publications

(559 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

1,170

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Calculations are based on standard free energy data (Garrels and Christ, 1965;Thauer et al, 1977). Derived standard redox potentials at pH = 7 (E°′/V): NO3 -/NO2 -, +0.431; 2NO3 -/N2, +0.747 (av); NO2 -/NO, +0.347; 2NO2 -/N2, +0.958; 2NO/N2O, +1.172; 2NO/N2, +1.264; N2O/N2; +1.355.…”

Section: Linkage Of Alkane Activation In Strain Hdn1 To the Nitrate Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkane degradation under anoxic conditions by a nitrate‐reducing bacterium with possible involvement of the electron acceptor in substrate activation

Zedelius

Rabus

Grundmann

et al. 2011

Environ Microbiol Rep

132

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microorganisms can degrade saturated hydrocarbons (alkanes) not only under oxic but also under anoxic conditions. Three denitrifying isolates (strains HxN1, OcN1, HdN1) able to grow under anoxic conditions by coupling alkane oxidation to CO2 with NO3− reduction to N2 were compared with respect to their alkane metabolism. Strains HxN1 and OcN1, which are both Betaproteobacteria, utilized n-alkanes from C6 to C8 and C8 to C12 respectively. Both activate alkanes anaerobically in a fumarate-dependent reaction yielding alkylsuccinates, as suggested by present and previous metabolite and gene analyses. However, strain HdN1 was unique in several respects. It belongs to the Gammaproteobacteria and was more versatile towards alkanes, utilizing the range from C6 to C30. Neither analysis of metabolites nor analysis of genes in the complete genome sequence of strain HdN1 hinted at fumarate-dependent alkane activation. Moreover, whereas strains HxN1 and OcN1 grew with alkanes and NO3−, NO2− or N2O added to the medium, strain HdN1 oxidized alkanes only with NO3− or NO2− but not with added N2O; but N2O was readily used for growth with long-chain alcohols or fatty acids. Results suggest that NO2− or a subsequently formed nitrogen compound other than N2O is needed for alkane activation in strain HdN1. From an energetic point of view, nitrogen–oxygen species are generally rather strong oxidants. They may enable enzymatic mechanisms that are not possible under conditions of sulfate reduction or methanogenesis and thus allow a special mode of alkane activation.

show abstract

Section: Linkage Of Alkane Activation In Strain Hdn1 To the Nitrate Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkane degradation under anoxic conditions by a nitrate‐reducing bacterium with possible involvement of the electron acceptor in substrate activation

Zedelius

Rabus

Grundmann

et al. 2011

Environ Microbiol Rep

132

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Acetate -+ H + + 2 PCE + 2 H2O → 2 CO2 + 2 cis-DCE + 4 Cl -+ 4 H + DG 0′ = -542 kJ mol acetate -1 (calculated from Dean, 1992;Thauer et al, 1977;Schwarzenbach et al, 2003). Yet, only few chloroethenerespiring isolates are known to use acetate as a direct electron donor (Table S1).…”

Section: Acetate Oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of novel perchloroethene‐respiring microorganisms in anoxic river sediment by RNA‐based stable isotope probing

Kittelmann

Friedrich²

2007

Environmental Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The halogenated compound tetrachloroethene (perchloroethene, PCE) is a persistent contaminant of aquifers, soils and sediments. Although a number of microorganisms are known to reductively dechlorinate PCE by dehalorespiration, their diversity and community structure especially in pristine environments remain elusive. In this study, we report on the detection of a novel group of dehalorespiring bacteria that reductively dechlorinate PCE to cis-dichloroethene by RNA-based stable isotope probing. Pristine river sediment was incubated at 15 degrees C with PCE at low aqueous concentration. Upon formation of dechlorination products, the microbial community was probed with (13)C-labelled acetate as electron donor and carbon source. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis of density-separated 16S rRNA revealed a predominantly (13)C-labelled bacterial population only in the microcosm with PCE in high-density gradient fractions, whereas in the control without PCE Bacteria-specific rRNA was restricted to light gradient fractions. By cloning and sequence analysis of 16S rRNA, the predominant population was identified as a novel group of bacteria within the phylum Chloroflexi. These microorganisms, designated Lahn Cluster (LC), were only distantly related to cultivated dehalorespiring Dehalococcoides spp. (92-94% sequence identity). Minor clone groups detected (13)C-labelled and thus, potentially involved in PCE dehalorespiration, were related to beta-proteobacterial Dechloromonas spp., and delta-Proteobacteria (Geobacteraceae, Desulfobacteraceae, Desulfobulbaceae). In contrast, clones from an ethene-producing microcosm incubated at 20 degrees C grouped with known Dehalococcoides spp. Our results show that stable isotope probing allows targeting dehalorespiring bacteria as functional guild, and to identify novel PCE-respiring populations previously not recognized.

show abstract

“…Since not more than 7 kg N03--N per day is formed, the mean denitrification rate cannot exceed 7 kg/d. Obligate anaerobes are known to convert N03into NH4 + through denitrification (Thauer et al 1977). Since nitrate formation is low, and most anaerobes in the rookery seemed to be facultative, it is highly probable that the contribution of the obligate anaerobes to the ammonia content was very small.…”

Section: Nitrogen Transformation In Thementioning

confidence: 99%

The Nitrogen Pathway in a Penguin Rookery

Lindeboom¹

1984

Ecology

182

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The most important nitrogen sources for the Marion Island ecosystem are the excreta of birds that forage at sea. Eighty percent of the nitrogen excreted by penguins during their molt fast appeared to be uric acid, with the remaining 20% mainly proteins and ammonia. The uric acid is rapidly degraded by aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms, and no uric acid could be detected in the penguin rookery deposit. Nitrification, followed by denitrification, occurs in the rookery deposit. However, laboratory experiments showed that both nitrification and denitrification are relatively unimportant processes in the rookery. Models of the nitrogen cycle in both a Macaroni Penguin and a King Penguin rookery during the molt fast and breeding season are given. In both rookeries the degradation of uric acid into ammonia and the subsequent evaporation are, quantitatively, the most important processes. The ammonia production in the rookeries of Macaroni Penguins as well as the heavy rains and the predominantly westerly winds have produced an "ammonia shadow" around the rookery where a vigorous plant growth occurs. The vegetation has formed a thick peat layer around the penguin rookery. 14C dating of this peat layer has shown that the Macaroni Penguins first bred on Marion Island °7000 yr ago.

show abstract

Energy conservation in chemotrophic anaerobic bacteria.

Abstract: 13-ketothiolase (EC 2.3.1.9), ornithine transcarbamoylase (EC 2.1.3.3) (see section, Energy Conservation Via Substrate Level Phosphorylation). These observations are taken to indicate that many of the reactions directly involved in energy conservation are very near equilibrium,

Cited by 2,460 publications

References 354 publications

Alkane degradation under anoxic conditions by a nitrate‐reducing bacterium with possible involvement of the electron acceptor in substrate activation

Alkane degradation under anoxic conditions by a nitrate‐reducing bacterium with possible involvement of the electron acceptor in substrate activation

Identification of novel perchloroethene‐respiring microorganisms in anoxic river sediment by RNA‐based stable isotope probing

The Nitrogen Pathway in a Penguin Rookery

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About