The factors related to economic growth, which is one of the main macroeconomic targets, is among the topics that are frequently researched in the literature. Factors associated with economic growth may differ across to the development levels and economic structures of the countries. In this context, the aim of this study is to examine the causal relationship between health expenditures, capital accumulation and economic growth in 29 developed and 10 developing countries over the period 1999-2018 using Dumitrescu and Hurlin (2012) panel causality method. Panel causality findings have proven the existence of bi-directional causality between health expenditures and economic growth, as well as between capital accumulation and economic growth in developed countries. In developing countries, there is unidirectional relationship from economic growth to health expenditures. There is also uni-directional causality from capital accumulation to economic growth. Developed countries should develop policies stimulating capital accumulation as well as health expenditures in order to encourage economic growth, which, in turn, contribute to capital accumulation and health expenditures. On the other hand, developing countries should implement policies that encourage capital accumulation and economic growth to increase health spending. * Bu makale Yeter Atasayar'ın Ebru Topcu danışmanlığında yürüttüğü yüksek lisans tez çalışmasından türetilmiştir.
The factors related to economic growth, which is one of the main macroeconomic targets, is among the topics that are frequently researched in the literature. Factors associated with economic growth may differ across to the development levels and economic structures of the countries. In this context, the aim of this study is to examine the causal relationship between health expenditures, capital accumulation and economic growth in 29 developed and 10 developing countries over the period 1999-2018 using Dumitrescu and Hurlin (2012) panel causality method. Panel causality findings have proven the existence of bi-directional causality between health expenditures and economic growth, as well as between capital accumulation and economic growth in developed countries. In developing countries, there is unidirectional relationship from economic growth to health expenditures. There is also uni-directional causality from capital accumulation to economic growth. Developed countries should develop policies stimulating capital accumulation as well as health expenditures in order to encourage economic growth, which, in turn, contribute to capital accumulation and health expenditures. On the other hand, developing countries should implement policies that encourage capital accumulation and economic growth to increase health spending. * Bu makale Yeter Atasayar'ın Ebru Topcu danışmanlığında yürüttüğü yüksek lisans tez çalışmasından türetilmiştir.
“…Therefore, the parameters and models used in the study are efficient and reliable. This type of robustness test was previously applied by different researchers with different parameters for examining the reliability of the study model (Ali et al 2020 ; Baz et al 2019 ; Koondhar et al 2020 ; Koondhar et al 2018 ; Öztürk et al 2020a ; Rehman et al 2019a ; Wang et al 2019 ). Fig.…”
This study aims to contribute to the literature and examine the causal relationship between Pakistan’s agricultural products export, industrialization, urbanization, transportation, energy consumption, and carbon emissions. For the last four decades, time-series data were used to employ short-run and long-run nexus between the selected variables by analyzing the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL). The Granger causality test was analyzed to estimate the causality directions. The unit root test results indicate that all the selected variables are stationary at the level and first difference. The bound test confirmed that all variables are cointegrated at a 1% significance level. Long-run estimates suggest that an increase in energy consumption will increase the export of agricultural products. An increase in urbanization, transportation, and carbon emission resulted in a decrease in agricultural products export in Pakistan. In the short run, an increase in industrialization, transportation, and energy consumption leads to an increase in agricultural products export. Increasing urbanization and carbon emission decrease the agricultural products export of Pakistan. Based on our findings, we recommend sustainable agricultural production, renewable energy consumption, low carbon emission technologies, and a green portfolio for sustainable agricultural products export.
“…In addition, remain a valuable practical foundation for the consciousness of China's sustainable economic growth in the upcoming years. The prior research ignores the energy consumption with value-added industries, electricity production, and the ruralization effects with GDP [47][48][49]. CO2 emissions in China do not lead to the business industries, and the volume extended to gigatons (GT) in 2020.…”
The credible sources of fossil energy efficiently are a vital cause of economic growth and considerable influence on adequate security. Whereas radiant energy positively enhances or ostensibly promotes socio-economic stability and the controlled environment. The fossil energy sources supply has become progressively stern in China and reconnoitering the beta decoupling relationships between CO2 emissions, GDP, energy consumption, electricity consumption, value-added industries, and population. The results will be favorable for illustrative the security of the valuable resources. This study adopts the extended stochastic model (STIRPAT) with Beta Decoupling Techniques (BDT). This modern technique merely employs the decoupling situation by the alpha and beta effects from 1989 to 2018 and calculates the % change in CO2 emissions by GDP growth and energy consumption. The estimated results represent negative and economic growth depends on coal and natural gas. First, CO2 emissions annually increasing cause of rapid growth, energy consumption, and electricity production, and the structural contradiction of energy remained static. Second, the Value-added industries estimated that CO2 emissions reduce by primary industries. Third, the decoupling states of CO2 emissions and population show an inverse relationship. This paper tentatively suggests China is sustainable, naturally strengthens energy output, transmutes the energy consumption structure, and advances development policies under environmental circumstances.
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