Energy consumption, tourism, economic growth and CO₂ emissions nexus in India

What Drives the Eco-Friendly Tourist Destination Choice? The Indian Perspective

“…As pointed out by Han [15], comprehending the drivers of green/sustainable behaviour is crucial to designing effective strategies for minimising the negative environmental impacts of contemporary tourism (see also [78][79][80]). This is all the more important for an emerging market with a massive population such as India, due to the challenges related to energy conservation and emissions [10]. The findings of this study confirmed the legitimacy of using the theory of planned behaviour [29] and the Norm Activation Model (MNAM) [38,56] in explaining pro-ecological behaviour, especially in the process of choosing an eco-destination.…”

“…While most of this footprint belongs to high-income countries, India has the fourth-largest carbon footprint from tourism in the world. India also faces challenges in the energy sector [9], which further adds to the carbon footprint as energy consumption and tourism positively contribute to emissions in India [10]. This highlights the importance of studying sustainable tourism in India.…”

“…At the same time, India is one of the fastestdeveloping countries in the world, offering wide possibilities for using renewable energy, including in tourism. Jayasinghe and Selvanathan [10] analysed these issues in their latest work, indicating that "sustainable tourism, energy consumption, and economic growth should be at the forefront of the economic development agenda of India". At the same time, they pointed to ecotourism, which encourages responsible travel and responsible consumption, as a potential tool for sustainable development, both economic and social.…”

Nexus Between Emission Reduction Factors and Anthropogenic Carbon Emissions in India

“…India is the earth's thirdbiggest carbon emitter, responsible for 7% of global emissions in 2020. India's CO 2 emissions expanded by 4.8% in 2018, along with the expansion evenly split across power and other sectors as well as transport and other industries (Jayasinghe and Selvanathan 2021). Significant environmental and ecological costs have emerged from India's excessive reliance on fossil fuel sources and a substantial increase in energy consumption, endangering the country's sustainable development.…”

“…Renewable energy is extensively acknowledged as a carbon-free supplier of energy with the capacity to address energy crisis concerns, and it is critical to accomplishing the worldwide emission reduction ambition of 50% by 2050 . India, on the other hand, has rich renewable energy resources and has devised and implemented governmental frameworks to boost renewable energy (Jayasinghe and Selvanathan 2021). Despite this, only a small amount of studies have been done in India to look into the possibility of using renewable energy to cut carbon emissions.…”