Energy-Density Improvement in Li-Ion Rechargeable Batteries Based on LiCoO2 + LiV3O8 and Graphite + Li-Metal Hybrid Electrodes

Abstract

We developed a novel battery system consisting of a hybrid (LiCoO2 + LiV3O8) cathode in a cell with a hybrid (graphite + Li-metal) anode and compared it with currently used systems. The hybrid cathode was synthesized using various ratios of LiCoO2:LiV3O8, where the 80:20 wt% ratio yielded the best electrochemical performance. The graphite and Li-metal hybrid anode, the composition of which was calculated based on the amount of non-lithiated cathode material (LiV3O8), was used to synthesize a full cell. With the addition of LiV3O8, the discharge capacity of the LiCoO2 + LiV3O8 hybrid cathode increased from 142.03 to 182.88 mA h g−1 (a 28.76% improvement). The energy density of this cathode also increased significantly, from 545.96 to 629.24 W h kg−1 (a 15.21% improvement). The LiCoO2 + LiV3O8 hybrid cathode was characterized through X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Its electrochemical performance was analyzed using a battery-testing system and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. We expect that optimized synthesis conditions will enable the development of a novel battery system with an increase in energy density and discharge capacity.

Global Advancements and Current Challenges of Electric Vehicle Batteries and Their Prospects: A Comprehensive Review

“…Additionally, using hybrid electrode materials could be another possible way to increase energy density in Li-ion batteries. Previously, a special battery system with both a hybrid cathode and a hybrid anode (LiCoO 2 + LiV 3 O 8 as cathode and graphite + Li-metal as the anode) was developed by Bae et al (2019) [58], and the system was analyzed and compared with the systems that were currently in use. Adding LiV 3 O 8 increased the discharge capacity of LiCoO 2 + LiV 3 O 8 cathode from 142.03 mAh/g to around 182.88 mAh/g which indicated around a 30% improvement.…”

“…Adding LiV 3 O 8 increased the discharge capacity of LiCoO 2 + LiV 3 O 8 cathode from 142.03 mAh/g to around 182.88 mAh/g which indicated around a 30% improvement. Wang et al (2020) designed a hybrid cathode electrode with LiFePO 4 (LFP) and graphite which operated with a Li + and PF 6 − intercalation/deintercalation mechanism [59]. The conductivity of hybrid electrodes could be accelerated by introducing graphite, which made it possible to extract/insert Li + ion quickly from/into the LFP phase within the range of 2.5 V to 4 V. Due to the high capacity and broadened range in the sense of voltage, the energy density of hybrid electrodes was enhanced.…”

Optimization for ultrahigh specific capacity and superior temperature control in a Li-ion battery cell

“…Comparison of the objective function, constraints, and design variables between previous cells and optimized cell[9,23,45].…”