“…Measuring the deposited dose D(r) as a function of radial distance r from the ion beam path provides information on the spatial distribution of deposited energy. Much data have been collected since 1960s for protons (1 -7) , deuterons (3) and the particles of helium (4,8,9) , carbon (9,10) , nitrogen (11) , oxygen (9,12,13) , neon (11,14) , silicon (11) , iron (10, 15 -17) , nickel (18) , germanium (19,20) , bromine (21) , iodine (12) and uranium (19) using tissue-equivalent proportional counters (TEPC) or tissue-equivalent ion chambers. Data on the stochastic depositions of energy such as the lineal energy distribution (22) yf(y) are also of great importance for the verification of theoretical models applied to the evaluation of relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of radiation therapy (23 -27) , and track structure models (28 -33) have been verified and improved on the basis of the data from radial dose distributions.…”