Energy dispersive X-ray diffraction spectral resolution considerations for security screening applications

Cozzini, C.; Harding, G.L.; Edic, Peter M.; Bequé, D.; Kosciesza, D.; Du, Yuzhe; Strecker, H.

doi:10.1109/nssmic.2010.5874539

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In this study, a code based on hybrid modeling approach [6,7] has been further developed to model diffi'active scattering considering multiple collimation schemes. The user can choose between point-like or extended sources; the photons are propagated to a mathematical phantom via pencil beam, fan beam or cone beam illumination and can be further collimated through a user-defmed aperture or aperture array placed at various distances between the source and the phantom.…”

Section: A the Simulation Codementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to estimate the scatter field within the object being scanned, the photons are traced via Monte Carlo method until they leave the phantom. Here the molecular form factors accounting for inter-as well as intra-molecular interference effects are used to determine the coherent scatter distribution [7]. Molecular form factor data from tables available from literature have been implemented for different phantom compositions.…”

Section: A the Simulation Codementioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling scattering for security applications: A multiple beam X-Ray Diffraction Imaging system

Cozzini¹,

Olesinski

Harding

2012

2012 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record (NSS/MIC)

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In the past decades several authors have demonstrated the ability of X-Ray Diffraction Imaging (XDI) in providing spatial and material specific information about the object under investigation [I]. Energy Dispersive X-Ray Diffraction (EDXRD) systems detect diffraction patterns by using a polychromatic spectrum and measuring the coherently scattered beam at a specific angle. This type of molecular-specific information plays a key role in security screening modalities providing high detection as well as low false alarm rates [2]. In the past, one of the main limitations to the widespread use of this technology in airport screening was the slow scanning rate compared to conventional systems. With the advent of novel system topologies such as the 3rd Generation energy-dispersive XDI configurations [3], this issue can be overcome [4].In the present work a simulation tool accounting for molecular interference and providing multiple collimation configuration options has been validated with a single source dual-channel geometry. The primary-scatter and cross-scatter signals generated by two neighboring voxels have been studied here, analyzing both coherent and incoherent scatter contributions; and a method for a first order material independent cross-scatter correction has been evaluated. The tool has then been applied for first investigations of a Multiple Inverse Fan Beam (MIFB) concept.

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Section: A the Simulation Codementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A the Simulation Codementioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling scattering for security applications: A multiple beam X-Ray Diffraction Imaging system

Cozzini¹,

Olesinski

Harding

2012

2012 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Record (NSS/MIC)

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“…Several simulation tools have already been developed for EDXRD [3], [4], [5]. Since the objective is to optimize realistic X-ray diffraction systems and inspect various objects containing different materials, the simulation tool should be able to consider any source, part, or material in any geomet rical configuration.…”

Section: Description Of Sinfullscatmentioning

confidence: 99%

A complete and multi purpose software tool for modeling energy dispersive X-ray diffraction

Ghammraoui

Tabary

Paulus

et al. 2011

2011 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record

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Ahstract-A new complete software tool for modeling EDXRD, called SinFullScat and based on the existing simulator Sindbad has been developed in order to simulate diffracted spectra for any configurations. It enables to study the effects of all diffrac tometer's parameters on the output spectra. Depending on the application, inspected materials may have different structures, either amorphous (e.g. explosive liquids or tissues in medical application), either crystalline (drugs and explosive powders) or a mixture of both. SinFullScat aims to address all these kinds of materials.

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“…The proposed XDi scanner design is based on the use of room-temperature operated CZT detectors in replacement of cooled Germanium. CZT detectors allows to build compact and modular detection units with an energy resolution compatible with diffraction pattern identification [2], [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An autonomous CZT module for X-ray diffraction imaging

Montémont

Kosciesza

Monnet

et al. 2013

2013 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (2013 NSS/MIC)

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We present the development of a CZT-based detection module dedicated to X-ray diffraction imaging. This kind of application requires a good energy and spatial resolution in order to resolve Bragg peaks.In a first part, we present the detector configuration used and dimensioning constraints. As the input energy range is comprised between 20 and 150 keV, we use 5 mm thick high resistivity CZT crystals. The 660 mm 2 detection area is segmented on both sides into 192 anodes and 12 cathodes. Signals from both sides are read jointly in order to perform multiparametric event corrections (depth of interaction, charge sharing, induction sharing). In order to be integrated easily inside an X-ray imaging system, the system has been conceived to be completely autonomous: it is powered by a single 12V supply and is interfaced with the external system by Ethernet for communication and RS485 for synchronization.In a second part, we describe the system readout architecture and then the implementation of the data processing. An FPGA circuit embeds a digital processing chain that carries out readout ASIC interfacing and advanced multiparametric data corrections. Gain, offset but also depth of interaction and charge sharing are corrected on the flow. Incoming events from different channels are clustered together by comparing their location and time of occurrence. The FPGA also embeds a processor running an operating system that controls the system, carries out all calibrations, automated tests and acquisitions.Eventually, we show the results obtained and demonstrate the relative influence of depth of interaction and charge sharing. Homogeneity of detector behavior is also discussed and the reproducibility of the performance between modules is presented. The average energy resolution at 25 o C is 2.4 % FWHM at 122 keV and 3.8 % FWHM at 60keV and the average efficiency is 73 %.

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Energy dispersive X-ray diffraction spectral resolution considerations for security screening applications

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Modeling scattering for security applications: A multiple beam X-Ray Diffraction Imaging system

Modeling scattering for security applications: A multiple beam X-Ray Diffraction Imaging system

A complete and multi purpose software tool for modeling energy dispersive X-ray diffraction

An autonomous CZT module for X-ray diffraction imaging

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