Energy Dissipators and Hydraulic Jump

Abstract

I X 229 229 233 References Pa r t 2 No ta ti o n Pa rt 2 Subjec t Ind ex Aut ho r I n d ex 23 9 2 67 271 2 81 PREFACE Stilling basins utili z ing a hydraulic jump for energy dissipation are wi d e l y used in hydraulic engineering . Da Vinci was the first to describe the hydraulic jump, and Bidone conducted classical experiments about 170 years ago . Stilling basins we r e developed in the thirties with significant design improvements being made during the last sixty years . Although we l l -a c c e p t e d guidelines for a successful design are presently available, the information for the design of such dissipators is not yet compiled in book form .This book provides state-of-the-art information on hydraulic jumps and associat ed stilling basins . A large numbe r of papers on the to pics are reviewed. Th e present trends of the art of designing a stilli ng basin are discussed and ideas for future research are outlined. Design criteria and recommendat ions are frequently given . However, this should not be considered as a r eady-to -use guideline since the design of an effective stilling basin is much more comple x than following general design steps .The book is divided into two parts. Part 1 on hydraulic jumps is comprised of chapters 2 to 5. Part 2 consisting of chapters 6 to 14 deals with various hydraulic structures used to dissipate energy. The lists of notation and references are provided in each part separately although the same notation is u sed throughout. I wo u l d like to acknowledge the contributions of various persons: Professor D. Vischer, Director of VAW , encouraged me to prepar e this book and provid ed necessary facilities for this purpose . Dr . K . S c h r a m assisted me greatly in the preparation of the manuscript and Prof . M.H. Chaud hry reviewed it during his sabbatical leave at VAW . During my stay at the EPF L in Lausanne 1983-1988, I was involved wi t h the investigation of stilling basins . The assistance of Prof. R . Sinniger and the collaboration with my former PhD stud ents Dr . N.V. Bretz and Dr . R. Bremen are acknowledged . Discussions with Profs. R. Wanoschek, N. Rajaratnam and J.A. McCorquodale generated my interest in energy dissipation .

Computation of Three-Dimensional Flow Field Created by Weir-Type Structures

“…The distribution given by Eq. 7 is similar to that observed in the classical hydraulic jump (Hager, 1992). The simulated results are compared with this equation in Fig.…”

Hydraulic jumps and breaking bores: modelling and analysis

“…Figure 1 presents a number of environmental applications. A hydraulic jump is characterised by large scale turbulence, some air bubble entrainment and a substantial rate of energy dissipation (Bakhmeteff 1932, Hager 1992, Chanson 2009a). For a stationary hydraulic jump in a smooth horizontal rectangular channel, the power dissipated in the jump equals: where  is the water density, g is the gravity acceleration, Q is the water discharge, d 1 is the inflow depth and Fr 1 is the inflow Froude number (Tricker 1965, Henderson 1966.…”

Weir Classifications

“…Numerous spillways, energy dissipators and storm waterways failed because of poor engineering design (Hager 1992, Novak et al 2001. A known issue has been a lack of understanding of basic turbulent dissipation processes and the intrinsic limitations of physical and numerical models Cabelka 1981, Chanson 2015).…”