Energy Efficiency – Indoor Air Quality Dilemma in Educational Buildings: A Possible Solution

Asere, Liva; Blumberga, Andra

doi:10.2478/rtuect-2020-0020

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The estimated life cycle of solar panels is 25 years [85,86]. Thus, we assume that both the project and regional average life cycles of solar batteries are 25 years.…”

Section: Identifying Priority Home Green Energy Projects For Financin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the Optimal Directions of Investment in Regional Renewable Energy Development

Kurbatova

Romaniuk

et al. 2022

Energies

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The growth of renewable energy facilities worldwide creates new challenges for sustainable regional development. Unregulated investment flows in the green energy sector cause disparities in the deployment of various renewable energy technologies, worsen the ability to balance national energy systems, etc. This article is the first comprehensive study that offers a methodology for multifactor modeling of investment flows in regional green energy deployment considering the priorities of national, regional, and local authorities within the sustainable development concept. The proposed methodological approaches help (1) determine the types of renewable energy technologies for priority development in the region, (2) select specific green energy projects to receive budgetary support on territories, and (3) form the optimal mechanism for budget financing distribution on regional development of renewable energy technologies. The modeling factors include natural conditions and resource base of a territory; its economically feasible renewable energy potential; the territory’s energy needs; installed capacity and electricity generation of new green energy facilities; power plants’ life cycle duration, the investment amount, etc. The model approbation on the example of household solar and wind power plants in the Sumy region, Ukraine, has shown the need to significantly increase financial support for renewable energy projects, primarily due to the region’s energy deficit. Calculations revealed that the interest-free loan share for both technologies should be 2.843 and 2.844 times higher than the basic share of lending (20%). For the 30-kW solar power plant project, the indicator should be 64.67% instead of the basic one of 56.86% for home solar energy facilities. Thus, the methodological approaches presented in the article are new tools that allow territorial authorities to purposefully shape and manage investment flows in the renewable energy sector to ensure sustainable energy development of regions worldwide.

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“…The estimated life cycle of solar panels is 25 years [85,86]. Thus, we assume that both the project and regional average life cycles of solar batteries are 25 years.…”

Section: Identifying Priority Home Green Energy Projects For Financin...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the Optimal Directions of Investment in Regional Renewable Energy Development

Kurbatova

Romaniuk

et al. 2022

Energies

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“…How can we ensure that university classrooms consume less energy while maintaining acceptable indoor air quality levels? Educational buildings are among the most essential building typologies where indoor air quality is crucial [1][2][3][4][5]. This is because students and educators spend most of their time in these buildings, and the state of air quality management significantly impacts their concentration levels, creativity, productivity, and overall health and well-being.…”

Section: Introduction 1background and Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor Air Quality and Ventilation Energy in University Classrooms: Simplified Model to Predict Trade-Offs and Synergies

Shoukry,

Raafat,

Tarabieh

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Students and educators spend significant time in learning spaces on university campuses. Energy efficiency has become a concern among facility managers, given the need to maintain acceptable indoor air quality (IAQ) levels during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper investigates the relationship between control and extraneous variables in a university classroom’s total mechanical ventilation (kWh). The model is built using Grasshopper software on Rhino Version 7. Our methodology encompasses (1) an extensive review of recent trends for studying IAQ and energy, (2) selecting parameters for simulation, (3) model configuration on Grasshopper, and finally, (4) a formulation of a pertinent equation to consolidate the relationship between the studied factors and the total mechanical ventilation energy (kWh). Central to this study are two key research questions: (1) What correlations exist between various parameters related to occupancy and IAQ in educational spaces? And (2) how can we optimize energy efficiency in university classrooms? The main contribution of this research is a generated equation representing the annual mechanical ventilation energy consumption based on selected parameters of classroom height, area, occupancy, window location, and ventilation rate of HVAC systems. We find that occupancy and class volume are the two most influential factors directly affecting mechanical ventilation energy consumption. The equation serves as a valuable estimation tool for facility managers, designers, and campus operations to investigate how fluctuations in occupancy can influence ventilation energy consumption in the physical attributes of a university classroom. This enables proactive decision-making, optimizing energy efficiency and resource allocation in real-time to promote sustainable and cost-effective campus operations.

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“…Indoor carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is generated mainly by the breathing of people in the room [ 1 – 4 ]. According to the standards of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers [ 5 ], indoor air CO 2 levels should be well below 1,000 ppm to avoid the negative effects of poor indoor air quality [ 6 – 9 ]. A carbon dioxide concentration of 5,000 ppm (0.5%) is taken as the safety threshold for an eight-hour working day [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental studies of carbon dioxide concentration in the space under the face mask protecting against Covid-19 – Pilot studies

Gładyszewska-Fiedoruk

Teleszewski

2022

J Environ Health Sci Engineer

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Masks are the primary tool used to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in the current pandemic. The use of masks may result in some discomfort, which may be caused by the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the inner space of the mask. This paper presents tests of carbon dioxide concentration in the inner space of the mask during work at a computer, for various flat and convex masks. Five different masks were used in the tests. Convex masks showed a greater accumulation of carbon dioxide than flat masks. The concentration of carbon dioxide was also higher for masks made of more layers. The dependence of the average values of carbon dioxide concentrations under the masks for selected people depending on the BMI and the type of mask was determined, as well as the measurements of carbon dioxide concentrations without the mask. An increase in carbon dioxide concentration was observed with increasing BMI. The development of effective self-defense tools against the virus, including masks, is essential to contain the spread of COVID-19.

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Energy Efficiency – Indoor Air Quality Dilemma in Educational Buildings: A Possible Solution

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

Determining the Optimal Directions of Investment in Regional Renewable Energy Development

Determining the Optimal Directions of Investment in Regional Renewable Energy Development

Indoor Air Quality and Ventilation Energy in University Classrooms: Simplified Model to Predict Trade-Offs and Synergies

Experimental studies of carbon dioxide concentration in the space under the face mask protecting against Covid-19 – Pilot studies

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