Energy Efficiency Maximization in Green Energy Aided Heterogeneous Cloud Radio Access Networks

Chughtai, Naveed Ahmad; Ali, Mudassar; Qaisar, Saad; Imran, Muhammad Ali; Naeem, Muhammad

doi:10.1109/vtc2020-spring48590.2020.9128743

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Adding energy management to the central office can help in sharing power dissipation and improving the overall power management. Heterogeneous C-RAN networks are good candidates with high data rate, minimized interference and improved energy efficiency, by including energy harvesting and maximizing resource allocation and power allocation [6]. The cell size of remote radio heads (RRH) will become smaller by increasing the carrier frequency of RF signals, because RF signals with a higher carrier frequency have higher wireless transmission loss.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Over Fiber Pooling as Part of 6G Optical Fronthaul

Vázquez,

Otero,

Altuna

et al. 2024

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Key parameters required in 5G advanced networks are higher peak data rates, lower latency but with improved energy efficiency. Those key performance indicators are further pushed forward in the envisioned 6G requirements, among others in achieving real energy efficiency by providing broadband low power communications with efficient powering strategies. Power over fiber (PoF) Pooling in centralized radio access networks with optical switching provides energy aware device control and resource allocation capabilities. Algorithms to implement PoF pooling with different types of optical fibers and supported by battery charge at remote radio heads are developed in a phantom cell scenario showing throughput enhancement while optimizing power consumption. Experiments as proof of concept are performed using a 4x4 optical switch at central office optically feeding various RRHs with different power requirements through single mode fiber links of up to 15 km and supported by a bidirectional communication link. The RRH deep sleep mode consumes 5.8 mW. A mobility manager emulates users' mobility within cells and allows the optimized selection of the awaken cells considering energy efficiency and traffic throughput. Some tests with different multicore fibers are also performed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power Over Fiber Pooling as Part of 6G Optical Fronthaul

Vázquez,

Otero,

Altuna

et al. 2024

J. Lightwave Technol.

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“…4 Heterogeneous cloud radio access networks (H-CRAN) are the most important candidates for the next generation networks with minimum interference, high data rate, high energy efficiency (EE), and high spectrum efficiency (SE). 5 H-CRAN architecture incorporates the advantages of cloud wireless access networks (C-RANs) and heterogeneous networks (HetNets) to transmit the whole network control signal through heterogeneous high power nodes. 6 Remote radio heads (RRHs) operate as a soft relays by compressing and forwarding the received signals from the RRH user equipment (RUE) to the centralized baseband unit (BBU) pool through wire/wireless front haul links.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

User relay‐aided energy‐efficient resource allocation in heterogeneous cloud radio access network

Shirmohamadi

Bakhshi

Dosaranian‐Moghadam

2022

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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In this article, we consider a user relay-aided resource allocation problem for femtocell access points (FAPs) and macrocells to improve energy efficiency in heterogeneous cloud radio access networks. The formulated optimization problem is NP-hard and mixed-integer non-linear programming due to the incredibly complex relation between different optimization variables and their impacts on each other. To solve this non-convex and NP-hard optimization problem in an effective and distributed method, we propose an efficient three-step iterative algorithm. The solution approaches are derived from successive convex approximation and complementary geometric programming by considering maximum power, front-haul link and baseband unit (BBU) capacity, Jain's fairness index, and quality of service constraints of macro and femtocell users. The simulation results depict that the proposed algorithm can effectively decrease the energy consumption of BBUs by switching off under-utilized BBUs and offloading the traffic from remote radio heads and macro-cell to FAPs.

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6G: The Green Network

Božanić

Sinha

2021

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

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Energy Efficiency Maximization in Green Energy Aided Heterogeneous Cloud Radio Access Networks

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Power Over Fiber Pooling as Part of 6G Optical Fronthaul

Power Over Fiber Pooling as Part of 6G Optical Fronthaul

User relay‐aided energy‐efficient resource allocation in heterogeneous cloud radio access network

6G: The Green Network

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