Energy efficiency of optical OFDM-based networks

Dong, Xiaowen; El-Gorashi, Taisir E. H.; Elmirghani, Jaafar M. H.

doi:10.1109/icc.2013.6655209

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Similar to our work in [43], we have considered a channel bandwidth of 50 GHz for both conventional WDM and O-OFDM networks. The maximum number of subcarriers for each O-OFDM channel is 10, each of 5 GHz where two of the channels are used as guard bands.…”

Section: B Milp Model Results Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Efficient Virtual Network Embedding for Cloud Networks

Nonde

El-Gorashi

Elmirghani

2015

J. Lightwave Technol.

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152

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Network virtualization is widely considered to be one of the main paradigms for the future Internet architecture as it provides a number of advantages including scalability, on demand allocation of network resources, and the promise of efficient use of network resources. In this paper, we propose an energy efficient virtual network embedding (EEVNE) approach for cloud computing networks, where power savings are introduced by consolidating resources in the network and data centers. We model our approach in an IP over WDM network using mixed integer linear programming (MILP). The performance of the EEVNE approach is compared with two approaches from the literature: the bandwidth cost approach (CostVNE) and the energy aware approach (VNE-EA). The CostVNE approach optimizes the use of available bandwidth, while the VNE-EA approach minimizes the power consumption by reducing the number of activated nodes and links without taking into account the granular power consumption of the data centers and the different network devices. The results show that the EEVNE model achieves a maximum power saving of 60% (average 20%) compared to the CostVNE model under an energy inefficient data center power profile. We develop a heuristic, real-time energy optimized VNE (REOViNE), with power savings approaching those of the EEVNE model. We also compare the different approaches adopting an energy efficient data center power profile. Furthermore, we study the impact of delay and node location constraints on the energy efficiency of virtual network embedding. We also show how VNE can impact the design of optimally located data centers for minimal power consumption in cloud networks. Finally, we examine the power savings and spectral efficiency benefits that VNE offers in optical orthogonal division multiplexing networks.Index Terms-Cloud networks, energy efficient networks, IP over WDM networks, MILP, network virtualization, optical OFDM, virtual network embedding.

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Section: B Milp Model Results Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Efficient Virtual Network Embedding for Cloud Networks

Nonde

El-Gorashi

Elmirghani

2015

J. Lightwave Technol.

Self Cite

152

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“…Thus, the different configurations of RML+SA-based models are studied in this report. [ [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] [20] [5,6,17,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27] [ 16,28] 1L1 [8] 1PM [29] 1P1 [6] The proposed RML+SA models in this work 1LM MLM ML1 MPM MP1…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Routing, Modulation Level, and Spectrum Assignment in Elastic Optical Networks—A Serial Stage Approach with Multiple Sub-Sets of Requests Based on Integer Linear Programming

Benítez

Paredes

Colbes

et al. 2023

MCA

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This paper addresses serialized approaches of the routing, modulation level, and spectrum assignment (RMLSA) problem in elastic optical networks, using multiple sequential sub-sets of requests, under Integer Linear Programming (ILP). The literature has reported two-stage serial optimization methods referred to as RML+SA, which retain computational efficiency when the problem grows, compared to the classical one-stage RMLSA optimization approach. However, there still remain numerous issues in terms of the spectrum used that can be improved when compared to the RMLSA solution. Consequently, this paper proposes RML+SA solutions considering multiple sequential sub-sets of requests, split traffic flow, as well as path-oriented and link-oriented routing models. Simulation results on different test scenarios determine that: (a) the multiple sequential sub-sets of request-based models improve computation time without worsening the spectrum usage when compared to just one set of requests optimization approaches, (b) divisible traffic flow approaches show promise in cases where the number of request sub-sets is low compared to the non-divisible counterpart, and (c) path-oriented routing succeeds in improving the used spectrum by increasing the number of candidate routes compared to link-oriented routing.

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“…In Ref. [8], the authors formulated a model based on mixed integer linear programming that minimizes the IP (Internet Protocol) consumed on a variable OFDM network. However, the model considered only the power consumption of the router ports, EDFAs (Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers), and tunable OFDM transponders.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies have identified OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing) as the enabling technology for flexi-grid system networks [6][7][8][9][10][11] . In OFDM, several orthogonal carriers (each individual carrier is referred to as a subcarrier [4] ) are modulated, and the composite signal is then carried over an individual wavelength in a fiber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of cost, power, and spectral efficiency in fixed- and flexi-grid networks

Iyer

Singh

2017

J. Commun. Inf. Netw.

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With the steady growth of traffic volume in core networks, it is predicted that future optical network communication will be constrained mainly by cost and power consumption. Thus, for Internet sustainability, it will be necessary to ensure cost and power efficiency in optical networks. The aims of this study are (i) to identify the main sources of cost and power consumption in fixed-grid (SLR and MLR) and flexi-grid (OFDM) optical networks, and (ii) to compare techniques for improving cost and power efficiency in SLR/MLR-and OFDM-based networks. To this end, we conducted a comparative analysis of cost and power efficiency for the OFDM-and MLR/SLR-based networks, and considering realistic networks, evaluated the cost and power consumed by different components in the optical layer. Our results show that (i) OFDM-based networks outperform those based on MLR/SLR in terms of both cost and power-efficiency, (ii) the extra equipment cost incurred due to under-utilization of spectrum is reduced by switching to a flexi-grid network, (iii) lower power consumption per bit is obtained when the networking solution ensures a finer bit-rate granularity, and (iv) there exists a power and spectrum minimization trade-off that is network characteristic dependent.

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Energy efficiency of optical OFDM-based networks

Cited by 13 publications

References 23 publications

Energy Efficient Virtual Network Embedding for Cloud Networks

Energy Efficient Virtual Network Embedding for Cloud Networks

Routing, Modulation Level, and Spectrum Assignment in Elastic Optical Networks—A Serial Stage Approach with Multiple Sub-Sets of Requests Based on Integer Linear Programming

Investigation of cost, power, and spectral efficiency in fixed- and flexi-grid networks

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